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Effectiveness of Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Corrosion Control of Tank Bottom Plate

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Soil-side corrosion of above ground storage tank bottoms is a major challenge for the midstream operators owning tanks farms. In North America most of the above ground storage tanks include active cathodic protection (CP) systems to protect soil-side of the tank bottoms from corrosion. However CP systems could fail leading to unprotected tank bottom and sometime extensive corrosion could occur even with an active CP system in place. In addition a tank without a CP system could experience elevated corrosion including pitting corrosion. Vapor corrosion inhibitors (VCIs) are being promoted as alternative corrosion control measures.A pipeline research council international (PRCI)-sponsored study was conducted to evaluate effectiveness of the VCIs in mitigating corrosion. The study was conducted to determine to determine whether the VCIs are effective in mitigating corrosion to a level comparable to a working CP system for tank bottoms. Extensive amount of laboratory scale testing was conducted and the experimental data were rigorously analyzed. It was found that the VCIs are effective in mitigating corrosion when vendor specific recommended dosages are used but the corrosion rates were not mitigated to the extent specified in NACE SP0193 and NACE SP0169 for demonstrating adequate cathodic protection.

Product Number: 51319-13098-SG
Author: Pavan Shukla
Publication Date: 2019
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Picture for Monitoring Effectiveness of Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Tank Bottom Corrosion Using Electrical Resistance and Coupons
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Monitoring Effectiveness of Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Tank Bottom Corrosion Using Electrical Resistance and Coupons

Product Number: 51319-13100-SG
Author: Pavan Shukla
Publication Date: 2019
$20.00

Electrical Resistance (ER) based probes are widely used to monitor corrosion of the aboveground storage tank (AST) bottoms. Prevention of soil-side corrosion of the bottom plates of aboveground crude oil storage tanks is a major challenge in the oil and gas industry. Vapor corrosion inhibitors (VCIs) are increasingly being used to mitigate tank bottom corrosion. Therefore monitoring AST bottom corrosion and VCI effectiveness is an important factor in determining the bottom plate corrosion rate and in taking preventive action such as application of VCIs. ER probes are based on the bulk resistivity measurements. The change in resistivity data over a given period is converted to corrosion rates. Since the resistivity is the bulk measurement the ER-measured corrosion rate is an average value representing general pitting and microbiological induced corrosion. A study was conducted to rigorously compare the ER probe measurements with the corrosion observed on the mass-loss coupons. The ER probes were placed in a corrosive sand environment along with the mass-loss coupons which experienced both general and pitting corrosion. The coupons were removed after 6 months and ER probe data were continuously recorded over the test duration. The coupons were scanned using a laser profilometer which provided metal depth versus position data. The coupon data were analyzed to estimate the corrosion rate distribution. In parallel the ER probe data were also analyzed using the rolling average method. The two data sets were compared to identify similarities and delineate differences between the ER probes and mass-loss coupons. This analysis was used to determine suitability of using the ER probes for monitoring the tank bottom corrosion and VCIs’ effectiveness.
Picture for Methodologies to Evaluate Compatibility between Cathodic Protection and Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Tank Bottom Applications
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51318-11567-Methodologies to Evaluate Compatibility between Cathodic Protection and Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Tank Bottom Applications

Product Number: 51318-11567-SG
Author: Sujay Math / Pavan K. Shukla
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

Compatibility between vapor corrosion inhibitors (VCI) and cathodic protection (CP) for the tank bottom application. Guidelines presented for selecting an effective corrosion mitigation strategy for combined VCI and CP systems.
Picture for Premature Failure of API 650 Oil Storage Tank Bottom Plates Due to Soil Side Corrosion
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Premature Failure of API 650 Oil Storage Tank Bottom Plates Due to Soil Side Corrosion

Product Number: 51317--9025-SG
ISBN: 9025 2017 CP
Author: Naif Abri
Publication Date: 2017
$20.00

The above ground storage tanks in the refinery are experiencing bottom plate underside (soil) corrosion at a high rate of 1mm/year. Results: Failure of 4 tanks within a period of 9 years. Observations, details of the CP survey, tests, results and forward path taken up.

 
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