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51312-01272-Effect of Sigma Phase on the Environmental Assisted Cracking of Super Duplex Stainless Steel in Oil

Picture for Effect of Sigma Phase on the Environmental Assisted Cracking of Super Duplex Stainless Steel in Oil
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Product Number: 51312-01272-SG
ISBN: 01272 2012 CP
Author: Janardhan Rao Saithala
Publication Date: 2012
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The Slow Strain Rate Test (SSRT) technique was used to investigate the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of sigmatized super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) grade UNS S32760 exposed to a simulated oil field brine containing CO2/H2S at 80ºC. The sigma phase was precipitated via heat treatment at 845ºC for various durations (0 to 12 mins). Results show that low levels (less than 2%) of sigma have no profound impact on the mechanical and corrosion properties of SDSS. However at higher levels (greater than 2%) of sigma phase there is severe loss in ductility and increased corrosion rate. This study also explores the effect of varying degrees of cold work on sigma phase precipitation. Fractographic observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have shown that the fracture mode shifts from ductile to transgranular cracking with increasing levels of sigma phase. Electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) results show that crack propagation occurs at the interfaces of the sigma/austenite boundaries. The local misorientations in sigma/ferrite phase are low compared to austenite and ferrite boundaries.
The Slow Strain Rate Test (SSRT) technique was used to investigate the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of sigmatized super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) grade UNS S32760 exposed to a simulated oil field brine containing CO2/H2S at 80ºC. The sigma phase was precipitated via heat treatment at 845ºC for various durations (0 to 12 mins). Results show that low levels (less than 2%) of sigma have no profound impact on the mechanical and corrosion properties of SDSS. However at higher levels (greater than 2%) of sigma phase there is severe loss in ductility and increased corrosion rate. This study also explores the effect of varying degrees of cold work on sigma phase precipitation. Fractographic observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have shown that the fracture mode shifts from ductile to transgranular cracking with increasing levels of sigma phase. Electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) results show that crack propagation occurs at the interfaces of the sigma/austenite boundaries. The local misorientations in sigma/ferrite phase are low compared to austenite and ferrite boundaries.
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Picture for 06578 Sigma Phase Embrittlement of Stainless Steel
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06578 Sigma Phase Embrittlement of Stainless Steel in FCC Service

Product Number: 51300-06578-SG
ISBN: 06578 2006 CP
Author: Jorge Hau, Antonio Seijas
Publication Date: 2006
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Assessment of sigma phase embrittlement in austenitic stainless steels such as Type 304H, commonly used in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units. Other austenitic stainless steels used in other refining process units are also discussed. The detection and measuring of the amount of sigma phase were made using metallography. 
Picture for 09300 Stress Corrosion Cracking of Super Duplex Stainless Steels above and below Pitting Potentials
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09300 Stress Corrosion Cracking of Super Duplex Stainless Steels above and below Pitting Potentials

Product Number: 51300-09300-SG
ISBN: 09300 2009 CP
Author: Janardhan Rao Saithala, John Atkinson, Harvindher Singh Ubhi, Andy Houghton and Steve McCoy
Publication Date: 2009
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Picture for Sigma Phase Embrittlement of Type 304H Stainless Steel after FCCU Service
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Sigma Phase Embrittlement of Type 304H Stainless Steel after FCCU Service

Product Number: 51317--9140-SG
ISBN: 9140 2017 CP
Author: Jorge Hau
Publication Date: 2017
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Results are described of sigma phase embrittlement assessments performed at three different refineries and mainly involving regenerator cyclones at fluidized catalytic cracking units (FCCU) but also including regenerator cyclones hanger rods and a regenerator flue gas line.
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