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Due to the increase in world’s population and technologies, and the limited fossil fuel reserves, efforts have been taken to seek alternative energy resources, such as bioenergy that is produced from renewable biomass, to meet the increasing need for energy. The feedstocks for bioenergy production can include the waste biomass from forestry and agricultural sectors and various industries such as food processing industry and pulp and paper industry, making a profit while saving costs from waste management.
Pyrolysis oils contain various types of organic acids that may cause corrosion issues to the constructional materials of oil containers. In this work, immersion tests were performed at 60°C for 7 days to identify the corrosion susceptibility of a carbon steel UNS K02700 to pyrolysis oils provided by different suppliers. The acidity of pyrolysis oils was characterized using total acid number (TAN), carboxylic acid number (CAN) and phenolic acid number (PhAN). The corrosion rates were measured using weight loss method, and the corroded surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy combined with the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Acid corrosion seems to be influenced by CAN based on the preliminary results. Recommendations were made for future work.
Biomass-derived pyrolysis oils (bio-oils) are recognized as a renewable energy source that couldaid in the reduction of fossil fuel use. Bio-oils exhibit higher corrosivity to common ferrous alloys because the oils contain organic acids and water. A series of corrosion studies were previously performed to determine the corrosion rates of ferrous alloys exposed in bio-oils for a quantitative evaluation of the material compatibility. The key information from these previous studies is that ferrous alloys with more Cr, Ni, and Mo are needed for compatibility with bio-oils.
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Pyrolysis processes of post-consumer plastics are a promising chemical recycling route and a good alternative to disposal. Nevertheless, these processes are challenging for metallic materials since chlorine containing materials or biological components inside the feedstock can yield HCl and H2S, respectively, during cracking. In combination with high temperatures of the reactor zone metallic construction materials can be attacked by high-temperature corrosion.
The spread of disbondment or corrosion from a scribe or holiday in a coating film, for which the terms rust creepage or undercutting are used in this paper is an important mechanism of coating degradation. The mechanism of rust creepage has been well studied by several authors who concur that the mechanism is driven by electrochemical reactions15. The reactions occurring at the discontinuity in the coating (scribe or holiday) involve an anodic reaction in which iron is dissolved. Adjacent to the anodic region, under the coating, a cathodic reaction occurs in which oxygen is reduced to hydroxyl ions.