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51315-5583-Early Stages of Pitting Corrosion of X65 Carbon Steel in Sour Corrosion Environments

Picture for Early Stages of Pitting Corrosion of X65 Carbon Steel in Sour Corrosion Environments
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Product Number: 51315-5583-SG
ISBN: 5583 2015 CP
Author: Frederick Pessu
Publication Date: 2015
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The challenges in managing localized corrosion failures are of serious concern within the oil and gas industry. In environments saturated with both CO2 and H2S gas pitting corrosion of carbon steel is considered to be quite complex; the actual mechanisms and sequence of electrochemical activities remain unclear. The film formation characteristics and morphology in CO2 and H2S-containing systems is also known to influence the pitting corrosion behaviour of carbon steel materials. There are still some unanswered questions as to how the presence of CO2 and H2S gas both influence pitting. This paper presents part of an ongoing parametric study investigating pitting corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in CO2-containing sour corrosion environments. This work explores the impact of changes in process parameters; temperature and dissolved gases (H2S and CO2) on pitting corrosion processes of carbon steel in NaCl brines. A pit propagation study is conducted up to 168 hours based on changes in temperature and acid gas composition and other measurable parameters such as pH of the bulk solution. Corrosion film properties and morphology are studied through a combination of electrochemical and surface analysis techniques which include scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The extent of corrosion damage of the carbon steel is evaluated through the implementation of surface interferometry to study discrete pit geometry; namely the size and depth.KEY WORDS: Carbon dioxidehydrogen sulphidecorrosion products uniform corrosion pitting.
The challenges in managing localized corrosion failures are of serious concern within the oil and gas industry. In environments saturated with both CO2 and H2S gas pitting corrosion of carbon steel is considered to be quite complex; the actual mechanisms and sequence of electrochemical activities remain unclear. The film formation characteristics and morphology in CO2 and H2S-containing systems is also known to influence the pitting corrosion behaviour of carbon steel materials. There are still some unanswered questions as to how the presence of CO2 and H2S gas both influence pitting. This paper presents part of an ongoing parametric study investigating pitting corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in CO2-containing sour corrosion environments. This work explores the impact of changes in process parameters; temperature and dissolved gases (H2S and CO2) on pitting corrosion processes of carbon steel in NaCl brines. A pit propagation study is conducted up to 168 hours based on changes in temperature and acid gas composition and other measurable parameters such as pH of the bulk solution. Corrosion film properties and morphology are studied through a combination of electrochemical and surface analysis techniques which include scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The extent of corrosion damage of the carbon steel is evaluated through the implementation of surface interferometry to study discrete pit geometry; namely the size and depth.KEY WORDS: Carbon dioxidehydrogen sulphidecorrosion products uniform corrosion pitting.
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10332 Sour and Sweet Corrosion of Carbon Steel: General or Pitting or Localized or All of the Above?

Product Number: 51300-10332-SG
ISBN: 10332 2010 CP
Author: Sankara Papavinasam, Alex Doiron, Jian Li, Dong-Yeob Park, and Pei Liu
Publication Date: 2010
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Analysis of corrosion of carbon steel in sour and sweet environments. Non-classical nature of localized pitting corrosion of carbon steel in sour and sweet environments explained. Description of a model to predict internal pitting corrosion of carbon steel under sour and sweet environments,
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96343 GROWTH MODEL AND ON-LINE MEASUREMENT OF PITTING CORROSION ON CARBON STEEL

Product Number: 51300-96343-SG
ISBN: 96343 1996 CP
Author: Takahiko Uchida, Akira Iimura, Kuniyuki Takahashi
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51316-7250-Sour Localized Pitting Corrosion Model of Carbon Steel: A Status Update

Product Number: 51316-7250-SG
ISBN: 7250 2016 CP
Author: Sankara Papavinasam
Publication Date: 2016
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The sour model had been previously developed to predict localized internal pitting corrosion of carbon steel. This model included the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2), crude oil, temperature, pressure, flow, sulfur, sulfates, bicarbonates, chlorides and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The paper discusses  field use, merits, precautions and parameterization in using the model.
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