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Design Consideration for Internal Welding Attachments in Clad Pressure Vessels

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Process equipment which employs a corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) layer cladded to steel is common in refineries, petrochemical plants and other plants processing highly corrosive media. There are two regularly employed methods for welding attachments and internals to clad process vessels. One is to remove the CRA cladding for welding the attachment to the steel base metal assuming dissimilar welds and restoring CRA by weld overlay. The other eliminates the step of removing the cladding, simplifying the attachment process by direct welding of the internals onto the clad layer. With the lack of data to prove the integrity of direct welding attachment onto the clad layer, designers frequently demand the cladding be removed or allow only a conservatively low stress limit for what can be attached directly to the clad surface. It is well understood that eliminating the step of removing clad increases the simplicity, improves the lead-time, and reduces the cost of making these attachments for trays or other internals, but there are concerns about clad disbonding risks. With the aim to provide data around the integrity of direct welding attachments for better risk assessments, a technical study was undertaken. In this study, it will be shown that the bond between clad material and the base steel is robust enough to withstand the heaviest attachments and harshest conditions. The theory behind the technical study will be presented along with the results of this study

Product Number: MPWT19-14326
Author: Olivier Sarrat
Publication Date: 2019
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Important Factors in Pipe Butt Welding of Super Duplex Stainless Steel (SDSS) UNS S32760 Using the GTAW Welding Process

Product Number: MPWT19-14287
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The paper considers best practice to realise the optimum combination of strength, toughness,
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Picture for The Sensitisation Behaviour of Alloy UNS N08825 After Heat Treatment as Used in Clad Materials
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The Sensitisation Behaviour of Alloy UNS N08825 After Heat Treatment as Used in Clad Materials

Product Number: 51317--9459-SG
ISBN: 9459 2017 CP
Author: Helena Alves
Publication Date: 2017
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The aim of this paper is to present recent standard test corrosion data obtained in laboratory for alloy UNS N08825 after post weld heat treatment in comparison with as delivered (soft annealed) material.

 

Picture for Influence of Repeated Welding Thermal Cycle on The Mechanical Properties of SA516 Steel Weldment
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Influence of Repeated Welding Thermal Cycle on The Mechanical Properties of SA516 Steel Weldment

Product Number: MPWT19-14345
Author: Sandeep Kumar, Abdulla Ali Juma
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This study investigates the influence of thermal cycle as a result of repeated welding heat input on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the SA516 Gr 65 steel plates weldment in as-welded condition. The test specimens used were having an identical joint design, welded with submerged arc welding (SAW) process. Three different heat inputs of 0.96kJ/mm (low heat input), 1.5kJ/mm (medium heat input) and 3.58 kJ/mm (high heat input) were used for welding three individual specimens. All weld longitudinal tensile testing, Charpy V-notch impact test and weld metal & heat affected zone (HAZ) microstructural testing were done. The work shows that low heat input (LHI) produced welds with highest yield, tensile strength and toughness in the weld metal whereas high heat input (HHI) resulted in decrease in yield, tensile strength and toughness in the weld metal. Increased level of acicular ferrite and a fine grain structure in weldment were achieved with LHI, while the HHI produced coarse grain structure in the weldment and in the HAZ.
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