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Corrosion Resistance of Lean Duplex Stainless Steels in Water Reservoir Environments

 In the recent decade stainless steels have been widely used in the water treatment plants (WTP) the water reservoirs (WR) and the water supplying pipes in South Korea. The corrosivity of those environments was dependent of the content of residual chlorine in the water. This study investigated how severe the corrosion environments of water reservoirs were and how different the corrosion resistance of different stainless steels was in the water reservoir. Five stainless steels of STS304 (18Cr-8Ni) STS316L (18Cr-10N-2Mo) STS444 (19Cr-1Mo) STS329LD (20Cr-3Ni-1.5Mo) and STS329J3L (22Cr-6Ni-4Mo) were exposed in the simulating water reservoir environments for 20 days. Each sample was cut and inserted into epoxy mold where the exposed area of the sample was 5x5mm. Counter electrode and reference electrode of platinum wire were also inserted into this mold which were located next to working electrode. This mold was placed under the roof in the simulating water reservoir facing the test surface downward. Thin water film was formed on the sample surface. For the test period of 20 days potable water containing the residual chlorine of 0.5ppm continuously flew in the simulating water reservoir and the corrosivity in the water film on stainless sample was getting more severe. The pH was mesured lower than 3.0 and the highest content of chloride was around 600 ppm in the water film. In this severe environment typical stainless steel may easily corrode [1]. Cyclic polarization test was carried on each sample after exposure period of 0 1 3 5 7 10 13 and 20 days to evaluate the resistance to the localized corrosion [2]. The sweep rate was 1 mV/sec. To verify the stability of Platinum reference electrode the OCP of Platinum was measured in simulated water reservoir environments against SCE (Saturated Calomel Electrode) for 20 days. The passive current of STS304 increased as the exposure period increased from 0 to 5 days. After 5-days exposure STS 304 showed large area of potential-current hysterisis indicating the evidence of propagation of localized corrosion. STS316L also showed very similar polarization behavior as that of STS304. After 7-days of exposure the passivity of STS316L became unstable showing wide hysterisis.STS329J3L showed very stable passivity even after 20-days exposure with small increase of passive current. The current value was usually lower than 10-6 and the hysterisis was quite small indicating that STS329J3L would not corrode easily in the water reservoir environments. This result was also proved in the field exposure test of STS329J3L in water reservoir for 24 months. In the field exposure test STS304 and STS316L were easily corroded after 3-months exposure. But STS329J3L lasted longer than 18 months without any rusting.[Reference]A. J. Sedriks Corrosion of Stainless Steel 2nd ed. p149-151(1996).K. W. Efird and G. E. Moller Materials Performance July p34 (1979)

Product Number: 51319-13023-SG
Author: Yeong Ho Kim
Publication Date: 2019
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$20.00
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Product Number: 51300-11255-SG
ISBN: 2011 11255 CP
Author: J. Saithala, J. Atkinson, H Ubhi, A. Patil
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Picture for Localized Corrosion Behavior of Lean Duplex Stainless Steels in Chloride Containing Synthetic Tap Water
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Localized Corrosion Behavior of Lean Duplex Stainless Steels in Chloride Containing Synthetic Tap Water

Product Number: 51319-13280-SG
Author: Sang Won Cho
Publication Date: 2019
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Duplex stainless steel (DSS) is a material in the issue as it’s very excellent in corrosion resistance mechanical properties weldability in various environments as compared with common materials. Due to these characteristics DSS is applied to various industries such as petrochemical facilities offshore structures power plants etc. However since duplex stainless steel is expensive it has a limitation that it is difficult to apply it to equipment that needs to be replaced periodically. Compared to DSS lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) has good formability and corrosion resistance while the reduced content of nickel molybdenum is superior in terms of economics. Therefore LDSS can be economically efficiently maintained and managed by applying it to equipment requiring periodic replacement such as a plate or a tube of a heat exchanger.At present in the district heating system a plate heat exchangers of austenitic SS material are installed and it is always exposed to chloride containing environments. Generally failures of the plate heat exchanger are occurred by the tap water of user side and it is mainly broken due to crevice induced corrosion cracking between the gasket and the heat exchanger pitting etc. As a result researches on localized corrosion of austenitic SS and DSS are actively underway in chloride containing environments. Whereas there are few researches on the localized corrosion behavior of LDSS in these environments. Therefore in this study we would like to evaluate the localized corrosion behavior of LDSS in the chloride containing synthetic tap water at 60 ℃ which is the operating condition of plate heat exchanger for district heating system.