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Corrosion Mechanisms Of Mild Steel In The Presence Of Formic And Acetic Acids

Corrosion Mechanisms Of Mild Steel In The Presence Of Formic And Acetic Acids
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Corrosion is a surface phenomenon, which is defined as the deterioration of a material due to chemical and/ or electrochemical reactions. The continued interest in understanding corrosion phenomena and devising mitigation methods stems from the potential influence corrosion has on infrastructural damage across diverse industries. The most prevalent forms of corrosion encountered in the oil and gas industry are referred to as sweet and sour, corresponding to aqueous CO2 and H2S environments, respectively. The presence of an aqueous phase in these environments leads to the formation of a weak acid which is understood to be detrimental to the service life of carbon steel pipelines, when not properly mitigated. 

Product Number: 51322-17944-SG
Author: Sahithi Ayyagari, Maryam Eslami, Bruce Brown, Srdjan Nesic
Publication Date: 2022
Industries: Corrosion Monitoring and Control , Coatings
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The presence of organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid in oil field brines has been identified as a significant contributor to corrosion of mild steel. Extensive research indicates that corrosion rates of steel are significantly higher in weak acid environments, such as aqueous CO2 or acetic acid, as opposed to fully dissociated aqueous strong acids at the same pH. A general observation is that the increase in corrosion rate is due to increase in cathodic current, which is due to the partial dissociation of the weak acid. Most corrosion research with respect to aqueous organic acid environments has focused on acetic acid as it is a prevalent organic acid found in oil fields; it is also a good representative for higher molecular weight carboxylic acids with similar acid dissociation constants (Ka) values that may be present, e.g., propionic acid. 

The presence of organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid in oil field brines has been identified as a significant contributor to corrosion of mild steel. Extensive research indicates that corrosion rates of steel are significantly higher in weak acid environments, such as aqueous CO2 or acetic acid, as opposed to fully dissociated aqueous strong acids at the same pH. A general observation is that the increase in corrosion rate is due to increase in cathodic current, which is due to the partial dissociation of the weak acid. Most corrosion research with respect to aqueous organic acid environments has focused on acetic acid as it is a prevalent organic acid found in oil fields; it is also a good representative for higher molecular weight carboxylic acids with similar acid dissociation constants (Ka) values that may be present, e.g., propionic acid. 

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