AMPP Store - Conference Papers

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Effects of Alloying Elements for Resistance to Naphthenic Acid Corrosion of 18Cr Austenitic Stainless Steels

Product Number: 51317--9057-SG

ISBN: 9057 2017 CP

Author: Masahiro Seto

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

In this study, the effect of Mo, Cu and W contents in stainless steels on both NAC and PTA SCC resistance are investigated. The purpose was to optimize a proprietary version of UNS S34751 (TP347LN) with excellent PTA SCC resistance.

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Effects of Annealing Temperature on Pitting Corrosion of LDX 2003 and LDX 2404 Duplex Stainless Steels

Product Number: 51317--9156-SG

ISBN: 9156 2017 CP

Author: Liang He

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Electrochemical methods were used to evaluate pitting susceptibility of differently heat-treated DSS samples. Results from this study provide further knowledge on the heat treatment effects for the relatively new grades of lean duplex stainless steels.

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Effects of Blasting Methods on the Performance of Organic Coatings

Product Number: 41206-267-SG

Author: Andreas W. Momber

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

The effects of three blasting methods utilised for surface preparation upon the behavior of five organic coating systems are investigated. The blasting methods include dry blast cleaning, UHP and UHPAB. It is shown that pull-off strength, pull-off failure mode, and delamination are significantly affected by the surface preparation method.

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Effects of Chloride Contamination on Coatings Performance

Product Number: 41212-686-SG

Author: Bobby W. Meade, Sudhir Palle, Theodore Hopwood II

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

The Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) conducted a study funded by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) to assess the impact of chlorides on bridge coatings performance.

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Effects of Chloride on Copper Corrosion in Reducing Conditions

Product Number: 51319-13134-SG

Author: Xihua He

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)Washington DC 20555Copper (Cu) is a candidate waste container material for high-level radioactive waste geologic disposal systems located in the saturated zone because of its thermodynamic stability in anoxic water. However chemical species in the groundwater could change its stability and electrochemical properties especially corrosion resistance. This study investigated the role of chloride (Cl–) in Cu corrosion in solutions containing sulfate (SO42–) and Cl– with residual oxygen (O2) concentrations of about 0.1–0.2 ppb at 20 °C and 50 °C. SO42– concentration was kept constant at 2000 ppm while Cl– concentration was varied from 0 to 1000 10000 and 100000 ppm. Electrochemical methods including corrosion potential (Ecorr) monitoring potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to study the electrochemical properties of Cu affecting corrosion resistance.All the results obtained from different methods consistently demonstrate that Cl– and temperature play significant roles in enhancing corrosion of Cu when O2 concentration is extremely low. Ecorr decreased with increasing Cl− concentration and was lower at 50 °C than at 20 °C. During both forward and reverse potentiodynamic polarization scans Ecorr consistently decreased and the current density increased with increasing Cl− concentration. Tafel slopes from the forward scan regions decreased and the exchange current density increased with increasing Cl− concentration. The EIS data differed in solutions with different Cl− concentration levels and they became more complex at elevated temperatures. A layered film structure was inferred from the EIS data. Polarization resistance derived by fitting to the EIS data was lowest at the highest Cl− concentration which is consistent with increasing corrosion rates with increasing Cl− concentration. The detailed results will be discussed in thepaper.This abstract is an independent product of the CNWRA and does not necessarily reflect the views or regulatory position of NRC. The NRC staff views expressed herein are preliminary and do not constitute a final judgment or determination of the matters addressed or of the acceptability of any licensing action that may be under consideration at NRC.

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Effects of Corrosion and Wildfires on Galvanized Steel Towers: A Case Study with Wildfire and Corrosion Sensors

Product Number: 51324-20844-SG

Author: Mehrooz Zamanzadeh; Anil Kumar Chikkam; George T. Bayer; Clinton Char; Carolyn Tome

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

With the rising prevalence of climate change, utilities are facing increased risk and consequences from accelerated corrosion and wildfires, particularly in the state of California and British Columbia. These fires have the potential to compromise the integrity of galvanized steel lattice towers, widely used in high voltage transmission lines. Considering this, it is crucial for utilities to assess the potential risks and deploy corrosion control and postfire inspection strategies. This paper investigates the effects of corrosion and wildfires on these structures and presents a case study involving real-time monitoring sensors for early risk identification and evaluation. This paper aims to shed light on the challenges posed by wildfires and corrosion to utility structures and provides actionable insights for future preparedness. With escalating concerns about climate change, utilities must adapt their strategies for a more resilient future.

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Effects of Different Corrosion Control Systems and Fluid Services on AST Inspection Practices

Product Number: 51317--9332-SG

ISBN: 9332 2017 CP

Author: Mohammed Lutfallah

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Aboveground Storage Tanks (AST) degradation is mainly caused by bottoms corrosion. The paper includes a case study, where historical inspection records of more than sixty (60) AST with different hydrocarbon fluid services and bottoms corrosion control systems were reviewed and analyzed.

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Effects of Environmental Exposure on Mechanical and Barrier Properties of an Aircraft Coating System

Product Number: 51324-21200-SG

Author: Attilio Arcari; Steven A. Policastro; Rachel M. Anderson; Carlos M. Hangarter; Erick B. Iezzi

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Laboratory and outdoor exposure testing can be used to provide controlled or well-characterized environments for understanding how environmental factors alter coating system properties that can be used to understand systems employed on aircraft. Accurate determination of the state of the coating system would help eliminate unnecessary paint removal operations and thereby reduce worker exposure to, and costs associated with, hazardous materials handling arising from paint removal and repainting operations. A commercial aircraft coating system was exposed to laboratory environmental stressors and outdoor exposure on an atmospheric exposure rack to mimic in-service environments. Equivalent circuit parameter values of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data were linked to mechanisms affecting the deterioration of the coating system in response to in-service environmental exposures. Laboratory and outdoor fatigue testing of the coating system and primer coating resulted in cracking of the coating layers. These cracks allowed faster ingress of electrolyte, as seen in EIS measurements, which would shorten the lifespan of the coatings. Area scans using a scanning Kelvin probe instrument were consistent with the EIS interpretation of fatigue degrading the coating barrier properties, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed an increased linear density of pretreatment cracks in the fatigued coating samples.

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Effects of Minor Alloying Elements on the Metal-Dusting Behavior of Ni-Based Alloys

Product Number: 51320-14657-SG

Author: Bingtao Li, Wei-Ting Chen, Brian Gleeson, Heike Hattendorf

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Alloys are often found to suffer much greater metal-dusting attack under high-pressure conditions compared to ambient-pressure conditions. Ultimately, the resistance of a given alloy to metal dusting depends on the formation of an oxide scale that is impermeable to carbon which, in turn, depends on scale composition and structure. This paper reports the metal-dusting behavior of several Ni-based alloys having relatively high Cr contents (about 30 wt.%) and different controlled minor levels of Fe, Al, and/or Si. Testing was conducted under 20 bar total pressure of a high-carbon-activity gas at 600 °C (1112 °F). The exposed alloys were analyzed by SEM and TEM techniques to evaluate the oxide scales and evidence of carbon ingress. It was found that aluminum is beneficial to improve metal dusting resistance by reacting to form a continuous inner layer of alumina; whereas iron is detrimental to resistance. Mechanistic aspects of the role(s) played by minor elements in affecting metal-dusting resistance are considered.

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Effects of NaCl on Corrosion and Cracking Susceptibility of OCTG C110 Steel in Sour Environments

Product Number: 51323-19010-SG

Author: Lianlian Liu, Raymundo Case

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The catastrophic failure of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) carbon steel C110 pipelines can cause huge economic loss and environmental pollution. Most studies reported that sulfide stress cracking (SSC) is the principal failure type of C110 pipelines in sour environments. The mechanism of SSC can be described as follows: The adsorbed H2S on the steel surface can accelerate the hydrogen uptake by accelerating the hydrogen reduction reaction and catalyzing the hydrogen absorption process. The absorbed hydrogen atoms accumulate in the stress-concentrated region.

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Effects of pH Buffer on the Corrosion Behavior of C110 Tubing in Formate Completion Fluid With the Mix of CO2 at High Temperature

Product Number: 51319-13354-SG

Author: Zhiwen Yang

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Recently several localized corrosion and cracking failures happened to API 5CT Grade C110 tubing in high-density formate completion fluid at high temperature because of the leakage of CO2 and the mechanical damage on the tubing surface. In this paper the hydrochemical simulation software is used to calculate the needed content of pH buffer. The corrosion behavior of C110 tubing is investigated by autoclave scanning electron microscopy (SEM) energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that 1% Na2CO3 and 1%NaHCO3 can maintain the pH of formate completion fluid with the mix of 3 MPa CO2 up to 6.35 which means CO2 corrosion restrained effectively. The simulated experiments show that the general corrosion rate of C110 tubing decreases from 0.49 mm/a to 0.24 mm/a and the C110 tubing have little localized corrosion and cracking susceptibility in formate completion fluid when buffered with 1% Na2CO3 and 1%NaHCO3. The results of XRD and SEM-EDS indicate that the pH buffer is helpful to general compact and effective FeCO3 corrosion product film.

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Effects of Renewable Natural Gas and Hydrogen on Microbially Influenced Corrosion and Souring in Underground Gas Storage

Product Number: 51324-21146-SG

Author: Scott Leleika; Taylor Rambo; Tekle Fida

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

A bench scale laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the microbial corrosion and souring effects renewable natural gas (RNG) and natural gas amended with hydrogen have on underground gas storage systems. Steel coupon-containing vials inoculated with produced fluid from an underground storage well were subject to different headspace conditions to simulate underground gas storage. The vials were filled with geologic natural gas, geologic natural gas amended with hydrogen, RNG, and RNG amended with hydrogen. Each condition was subject to molecular (qPCR, and 16S rRNA analysis), liquid chemistry (sulfate and volatile fatty acid), corrosion, and headspace chemistry (major components and trace sulfur) analysis in duplicate at three time points. The results showed that levels of sulfide production, microbial community composition, and coupon mass loss did not differ greatly between the natural gas and RNG conditions. However, the presence of hydrogen did increase the levels of sulfide in both geologic and RNG conditions. There was also evidence of significant biotransformation of hydrogen into an organic acid (formate). This experiment has shown that microbes native to underground storage wells could have an impact on gas quality and corrosion (via hydrogen sulfide production) if hydrogen is introduced.

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Individual Conference Papers

Effects of Alloying Elements for Resistance to Naphthenic Acid Corrosion of 18Cr Austenitic Stainless Steels

Effects of Annealing Temperature on Pitting Corrosion of LDX 2003 and LDX 2404 Duplex Stainless Steels

Effects of Blasting Methods on the Performance of Organic Coatings

Effects of Chloride Contamination on Coatings Performance

Effects of Chloride on Copper Corrosion in Reducing Conditions

Effects of Corrosion and Wildfires on Galvanized Steel Towers: A Case Study with Wildfire and Corrosion Sensors

Effects of Different Corrosion Control Systems and Fluid Services on AST Inspection Practices

Effects of Environmental Exposure on Mechanical and Barrier Properties of an Aircraft Coating System

Effects of Minor Alloying Elements on the Metal-Dusting Behavior of Ni-Based Alloys

Effects of NaCl on Corrosion and Cracking Susceptibility of OCTG C110 Steel in Sour Environments

Effects of pH Buffer on the Corrosion Behavior of C110 Tubing in Formate Completion Fluid With the Mix of CO2 at High Temperature

Effects of Renewable Natural Gas and Hydrogen on Microbially Influenced Corrosion and Souring in Underground Gas Storage

Association for Materials Protection and Performance