AMPP Store - Conference Papers

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Effect Of Heat Treatment, Cold Working And Long-Term Ageing In Air On The Stress Corrosion Cracking Growth Rate In Simulated PWR Primary Water For Commercial TT

Product Number: ED22-18356-SG

Author: Toshio Yonezawa, Atsushi Hashimoto

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

About 39 years ago, the first author of this paper has successfully developed the Thermally Treated (TT) Alloy 690, with his colleagues from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. at that time and with people from Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. (the company name at that time, now Nippon Steel Corporation). And they have practically applied TT Alloy 690 to steam generator (SG) tubes. The developed TT
Alloy 690 consists of the combinations between the fully solution heat treatment (SHT) condition before TT and carbon content, particularly selected with an optimized microstructure verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

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Effect of Hydrogen Flux on the Plasticity and Damage Mechanisms of Martensitic Steels

Product Number: 51319-12739-SG

Author: Livia Cupertino Malheiros

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The depletion of easily exploitable oil and gas resources increases the demand for high strength steels able to withstand the high pressures of deeper offshore exploitation. These steels need also to resist a sour environment that enables hydrogen stress cracking. Hydrogen embrittlement is the consequence of a complex mechanism involving adsorption/absorption diffusion and trapping phenomena. Although hydrogen dramatically affects the fracture the mechanisms responsible for generating ductile andbrittle hydrogen-induced fracture surfaces are not well understood. Therefore it is critical to study the impact of mobile and trapped hydrogen on both ductile and brittle fracture of martensitic steels. The present work combines a new design of permeation testing under tensile loading and FEM modelling to investigate the interactions between hydrogen and damage mechanisms focused on plasticity. More precisely the impact of mobile and trapped hydrogen on ductile and brittle fracture of martensitic steels is inspected using a local approach of fracture and a specific analysis of defects evolution under hydrogen flux (vacancies and dislocations). Damage investigation was performed for specimens submitted to several mechanical states (different notch shapes) and hydrogen concentrations (pre-charged and under hydrogen flux). The results showed that the trapped hydrogen favors a ductile fracture while the mobile hydrogen promotes a quasi-cleavage damage at a scale of the martensitic laths. Further analysis revealed that whereas the trapped hydrogen promotes the germination and growth of voids around inclusions and precipitates the mobile hydrogen enhances decohesion along interfaces. The role of plasticity in both fracture mechanisms wasinvestigated. It has been found that plasticity is crucial not only for the ductile fracture but also to the quasi-cleavage process. EBSD images at the quasi-cleavage regions reveal that the majority of the fracture paths occurred on slip planes emphasizing the plasticity contribution to this brittle fracture.

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Effect Of Hydrophobic Interaction On Corrosion Inhibitor Efficiency

Product Number: 51322-17597-SG

Author: Susumu Hirano, Ayano Yasui, Hirotaka Mizukami, Tatsuya Sei, Toshiyuki Sunaba

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion inhibitors are used to prevent pipeline corrosion in oil and gas industry. The evaluation of corrosion inhibitors is one of the most important tasks for the corrosion engineers. Corrosion of the metal is suppressed by the inhibitor adsorption on the metal surface. Active ingredients of corrosion inhibitors are, in general, surfactants. A surfactant can adsorb on the internal metal surface of piping and makes a hydrophobic film preventing the contact of water with the metal surface.

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Effect Of Impurity On The High-Temperature Corrosion Performance Of Alloys In Supercritical CO2

Product Number: 51322-18055-SG

Author: Kaiyang Li, Xue Han, Yimin Zeng

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Over the years, the supercritical carbon dioxide (s−CO₂) Brayton cycle has been developed as a promising working fluid to replace supercritical water (s−H₂O) Rankine cycle. It could be used in various energy systems, including Generation IV nuclear reactors, concentrated solar power plants, fossil fuel thermal power plants, waster heat recovery, etc. due to its merits of high thermal efficiency, simple physical footprint, compact equipment size, high flexibility on operation, simple layout, compact turbomachinery.¹

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Effect Of Inhibitor Component On Inhibitor Efficiency - Inhibitor Types And Intensifier-

Product Number: 51322-17791-SG

Author: Hirotaka Mizukami, Ayano Yasui, Tatsuya Sei, Takashi Ito, Susumu Hirano, Toshiyuki Sunaba, Akiyoshi Kimura, Reiko Ikeda, Mitsuru Uno

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

A lot of oil and gas facilities face corrosion problems because the production fluid contains some corrosive components represented by CO₂. Generally, corrosion inhibitors are used in order to mitigate corrosion problems of tubing and pipeline. Imidazoline is known as one of the active ingredients of corrosion inhibitors and widely used in the oil and gas industries. However, imidazoline-type inhibitor is easily hydrolyzed to amide if water mixes into it.

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Effect of Inhibitor Concentration on the Adsorption and Inhibition Mechanism for Mica and Carbon Steel Studied by In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy

Product Number: 51323-19200-SG

Author: H. Wang, B. Brown, S. Nesic, A. Pailleret

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In hydrocarbon production systems, mild steel is overwhelmingly used for the construction of pipelines and tanks for the transmission and storage of crude oil, natural gas, and derived petroleum products. Although mild steel has excellent mechanical properties and low cost, it is susceptible to corrosion attack in typical service environments. Inhibition of internal corrosion is essential for assuring asset integrity of oil and gas transportation pipelines.

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Effect of Laser Marking on Corrosion Performance of Metallic Materials in Different Environments

Product Number: 51321-16495-SG

Author: Thanh Nam Vu/ Karthik Krishnan/ Chad Glaesman

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Effect of Loading Profile and Sour Environment on Cracking behavior of C110

Product Number: 51323-19401-SG

Author: Angeire S. Huggins-Gonzalez, Ramgopal Thodla, Feng Gui, Bostjan Bezensek, Brian Chambers

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the most common gases in the oil and gas industry. Once dissolved in aqueous environments, H2S can induce corrosion damage to carbon steel. It has been proposed that the severity of the damage is related to parameters such as temperature, partial pressure, microstructure of steel, etc.

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Effect Of Localized Stress On Initiation Of IGSCC

Product Number: ED22-17308-SG

Author: Takaharu Maeguchi, Kyohei Hayakawa, Kimihisa Sakima, Tomotaka Miyazawa

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In a polycrystalline material, the stress distribution on a microscopic scale is not uniform due to the elastic anisotropy and slip systems of constituent crystal grains. This leads to localized high stresses, especially at grain boundaries, when a load is applied to the material. In this paper, this localized stress is called as “microscopic stress”, distinguishing it from that in a homogeneous continuous body.

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Effect of Low Frequency on the Fatigue Response of Wellhead Extension Joint Welds Exposed to Simulated Seawater with Cathodic Protection

Product Number: 51319-13071-SG

Author: Adam Rowe

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

This work considers wellhead extension joint welds for high-pressure deepwater Gulf of Mexico prospects with a design shut-in tubing pressure (SITP) above 15000 psi. The structural welds joining 75K 8630M low pressure wellhead housing (LPWH) forgings to API 5L Grade X80M PSL 2 conductor casing are expected to be fatigue-sensitive due to water depths approaching 6000 ft. and substantial estimated weight of a 20K BOP stack. Cyclic loading is expected to be from wave‑induced motions (WIM) and vortex‑induced vibration (VIV). The wellhead extension joints extend 10 to 15 ft. above the mudline and will be exposed to seawater as well as cathodic protection when the wellhead is connected to either the BOP stack or the tubing head spool and subsea tree.The present work considered both S-N and fracture mechanics based designs. Fatigue curves such as those in BS (British Standard) 7608 are not yet proven for structural steels with yield strengths in excess of 400 N/mm2 (58 ksi) in the presence of cathodic protection and fatigue crack growth laws such as those in BS 7910 for steels in a marine environment are only applicable to materials with yield strengths less than 600 N/mm2 (87 ksi). Materials in the subject assemblies may have yield strengths in excess of 690 N/mm2 (100 ksi) so both S-N and fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) testing in a simulated seawater with cathodic protection environment were determined to be appropriate. This paper describes the environmental fatigue testing of welds and the relationship between the test data established fatigue curves and published literature. Tests were performed in a 3.5% NaCl solution at 40 °F with pH adjusted to 8.2 and an applied potential of -1100 mV Ag/AgCl. Frequency scans were conducted in several weld microstructures to assess growth rate sensitivity of each microstructure to cyclic frequency and the fatigue response at the low end of the frequency range was explored in greater detail.

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Effect of Microstructural Particularities on the Corrosion Resistance of Nickel Alloy UNS N07718 – What Really Makes the Difference

Product Number: 51317--9068-SG

ISBN: 9068 2017 CP

Author: Jutta Kloewer

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Several mechanisms including Hydrogen-Enhanced Localised Plasticity (HELP) and Hydrogen-Enhanced De-cohesion (HEDE) have been identified as contributing to the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of UNS N07718, depending upon microstructural particularities in the material.

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Effect Of Microstructure On Mechanical Behaviour Of Ni-Base Alloy Dissimilar Metal Welds

Product Number: ED22-17104-SG

Author: Noora Hytönen, Yanling Ge, Zaiqing Que, Sebastian Lindqvist, Jari Lydman, Ulla Ehrnstén, Paavo Rautala,Iikka Virkkunen, Pål Efsing

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Dissimilar metal welds (DMWs) are commonly used in the pressure vessel nozzle to safe-end weld between the ferritic low-alloy steels (LAS) and the austenitic stainless steels (SS), using a nickel-base filler metal. The complex DMW interface consists of different microstructural regions including, for instance, the heat-affected zone (HAZ), carbon-depleted zone (CDZ), carbon build-up at fusion boundary, partially melted zone (PMZ) and carbide precipitation zone. There is still knowledge lacking on the microstructural characteristics of the interface of DMWs upon post-weld heat treatment (PWHT). DMWs are potential concerns regarding the structural integrity of the nuclear power systems. In particular, the LAS/nickel-base alloy weld metal interface is known to develop a local strength mismatch upon PWHT and during long-term ageing. A significant chemical composition gradient, especially in terms of carbon (C) and chromium (Cr) associated with a complex microstructure have been observed to form at the interfaces. The different welding orientation, heat transfer and PWHT can result in different microstructure and mechanical properties.

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Effect Of Heat Treatment, Cold Working And Long-Term Ageing In Air On The Stress Corrosion Cracking Growth Rate In Simulated PWR Primary Water For Commercial TT

Effect of Hydrogen Flux on the Plasticity and Damage Mechanisms of Martensitic Steels

Effect Of Hydrophobic Interaction On Corrosion Inhibitor Efficiency

Effect Of Impurity On The High-Temperature Corrosion Performance Of Alloys In Supercritical CO2

Effect Of Inhibitor Component On Inhibitor Efficiency - Inhibitor Types And Intensifier-

Effect of Inhibitor Concentration on the Adsorption and Inhibition Mechanism for Mica and Carbon Steel Studied by In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy

Effect of Laser Marking on Corrosion Performance of Metallic Materials in Different Environments

Effect of Loading Profile and Sour Environment on Cracking behavior of C110

Effect Of Localized Stress On Initiation Of IGSCC

Effect of Low Frequency on the Fatigue Response of Wellhead Extension Joint Welds Exposed to Simulated Seawater with Cathodic Protection

Effect of Microstructural Particularities on the Corrosion Resistance of Nickel Alloy UNS N07718 – What Really Makes the Difference

Effect Of Microstructure On Mechanical Behaviour Of Ni-Base Alloy Dissimilar Metal Welds

Association for Materials Protection and Performance