AMPP Store - AMPP Conference Papers

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Microstructure Characterization Of Alloy 600TT Steam Generator Tubing

Product Number: ED22-17239-SG

Author: Amanda Jenks, Chuck Marks, Brent Capell

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This paper describes the evolution of production standards for Alloy 600 tubing, the historical performance of steam generator tubing, and the results of microstructural analyses of archive and pulled tubing samples from commercial PWRs to address these issues. Alloy 600 is a corrosion-resistant nickel-base alloy that is used in a variety of applications that require good resistance to general corrosion, high strength, and good formability. It has been used extensively for steam generator tubing in commercial nuclear power plants, and this experience led to the use of several different types of Alloy 600 material.

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Micro-Tensile Testing of Chromium Coated Zirconium Cladding

Product Number: ED22-17270-SG

Author: David Frazer, Cameron Howard, Yachun Wang, Daniel Murray, Fei Teng, Colin Judge, Jorie Walters, Benjamin Maier, Allan Jaworski, Jonathan Wright, Luke Olson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

After the Fukushima accident there has been a large push globally for accident tolerant fuels (ATF) to increase the grace period during an accident, that is, the time during which operators may be able to avoid major consequences by undertaking mitigating actions. At Fukushima, the oxidation of the Zircaloy cladding produced hydrogen gas, that contributed to the failure of the primary containment. A concept for ATF is to coat zirconium-based cladding with chromium to inhibit the oxidation of the cladding and reduce hydrogen production.

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Mildew Resistant Coatings for Ethanol Storage Tanks

Product Number: 51323-19329-SG

Author: Erik Dammen-Brower, Tony A Rook

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Mildew growth on commodity storage tanks is not a new issue within the industry and has been seen for years. However, ethanol storage tanks pose an interesting dilemma as the mildew growth on these tanks are especially aggressive and can completely deface the tanks again within months after being cleaned off. Historical knowledge of this mildew growth can be found when looking at distilleries.

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Mineral Wool CUI Mitigation Improvements

Product Number: 51324-20798-SG

Author: Ricky Seto

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Mineral wool has been used for well over half a century as insulation to reduce heat loss, provide personnel protection, and protect against hearing loss. Corrosion under insulation (CUI) has been a major topic of interest as process facilities age and experience issues with corrosion, particularly on pipelines. Efforts have focused on reducing any effect of the insulation material on corrosion – e.g., by reducing chlorides, making the insulation hydrophobic, and recently, by upgrading the hydrophobic performance in terms of high-temperature resistance. The next step is to introduce a proprietary corrosion inhibitor within the mineral wool. If water does make its way to the metal substrate, the inhibitor will activate in contact with water to mitigate corrosion. This paper will present the CUI-mitigating efficacy of mineral wool with an integral corrosion inhibitor using the ASTM C1617 test modified for various chloride concentrations above the standard. The paper also discusses corrosion-inhibiting mechanisms, particularly how such mechanisms can modify the environment around steel substrates to mitigate factors that advance stress corrosion cracking.

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Mitigating Stray Currents in 5G-Connected Metallic Structures: A Comprehensive Solution

Product Number: 51324-20830-SG

Author: Anil Kumar Chikkam; Michael Carone; Mehrooz Zamanzadeh; Aaron Ulmer

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

As the telecommunication industry transitions to the fifth-generation mobile network, commonly known as 5G, the adaptation of this technology presents certain challenges that require careful consideration. While existing wireless communication infrastructures can be utilized for implementing 5G, one notable concern involves the potential for stray currents resulting from the installation of 5G equipment on pre-existing structures, particularly those made of metal. These unintentional stray currents have the potential to cause equipment damage, necessitating the development of a comprehensive solution to mitigate their occurrence. This paper focuses on addressing the issue of stray currents in 5G-connected metallic structures through the proposal of a comprehensive solution. The objective is to provide a preventive measure that ensures reliable and safe operation of 5G equipment without the risk of equipment damage caused by stray currents. The proposed solution aims to be universally applicable to all 5G equipment connections, providing a standardized approach to addressing this concern and facilitating the widespread adoption of 5G technology.

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Mitigation Of Carbon Steel MIC Using THPS Enhanced By A Biofilm Dispersing Peptide In A Flow Loop With An Oilfield Biofilm Consortium

Product Number: 51322-17560-SG

Author: Di Wang, Tuba Unsal,Mazen A. Saleh, Mohammed D. Alotaibi, Magdy E. Mohamed, Sith Kumseranee, Suchada Punpruk, Tingyue Gu

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

MIC is a major threat to oil pipelines because it reduces the service life of pipelines and can potentially leads to catatrophes. Microbial communities commonly associated with pipeline corrosion include sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), acid producing bacteria (APB), acetogenic bacteria and methanogens. In a field environment, SRB, APB and other microbes often live in a synergistic biofilm consortium. Sessile SRB are often the main culprit of MIC. They can utilize sulfate as the terminal electron acceptor and various carbon sources and elemental iron as electron donors. Corrosive APB biofilms are also a contributing factor in an acidic environment because they release H+ which is an oxidant.

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Mitigation Of CRU Heater Tube Carburization By Modified High Heat Transfer Ceramic Cladding Materials

Product Number: 51322-17831-SG

Author: Natalie Hana Frank, Iain Stuart Hall, Paolo Brunello

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Common materials employed in catalytic reforming unit tubes are typically resistant to carburization due to protective chromium oxide films, but under low excess oxygen conditions can become compromised and allow carbon penetration and carbide formation at the exposed surface. Embrittlement and material wastage as a result of these mechanisms causes premature failures, with production loss, in addition to shutdown maintenance and replacement costs. Carburization in this environment is simulated in this paper through a pack carburizing method designed to create an environment optimal for diffusing carbon in an ASTM 335 9Cr-1Mo tube material.

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Mitigation of Elemental Sulfur and Iron Sulfide Under-Deposit Corrosion

Product Number: 51323-19423-SG

Author: Sherman Kung, Nolan Miller, Feras EI Yaakobi, Jeremy Moloney

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Production of highly sour oil and gas fields has increased recently, which introduces new challenges for
corrosion control. In recent years, some unexpected and unexplained pipeline failures have occurred,
resulting in complex investigations and laboratory corrosion performance testing studies to assess the
inhibitors that are applied in these environments. While some of these failures are due to cracking in
sour environments which are prevented by alternative material selection or different operation pipeline
maintenance, we were specifically looking at cases where chemical inhibitors could be used to mitigate
corrosion.

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Mitigation of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in Stagnant Fire Water Lines

Product Number: MECC23-20008-SG

Author: Faisal Al-Refai; Abdulaziz Al-Beajan; Fahad Al-Qanaee; Anas Abdelmotelb; Vinoraj Selvaraj

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Utility water and fire water which is desalinated is supplied by Ministry of Electricity & Water (MEW) and stored in utility/fire water tank (70-T-0002). The process areas and the tanks are protected by desalinated water as fire water backed up by sea water and the buildings are protected completely by desalinated water. Buildings to be protected by desalinated fire water are fire station, maintenance & operation building, warehouse, workshop, laboratory, and administration building. DF water system used in buildings are stagnant and for the fire water in tanks are used frequently.

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Mitigation Of Scaling Potential Using Organophosphorus Phosphonates In High-Temperature And High-Hardness Carbonate Formations

Product Number: 51322-17588-SG

Author: Jian Hou, Tao Chen, Ming Han, Mohammed Bataweel

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Scale is an adherent deposit of inorganic compounds precipitated from water onto surfaces. Most oilfield waters contain certain amounts of dissolved calcium, barium or strontium salts. The mineral scale can be formed by chemical reactions in the formation water itself, by mixing of formation water with injected seawater, or by mixing of the well streams of two incompatible oilfield waters. In carbonate reservoirs, when calcium is deposited as calcium sulfate or calcium carbonate scale, a loss of production and increased maintenance expenses can result. Therefore, effective mitigation of scaling potential is of importance to the oil producers.

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Mixed Metal Oxide Coated Titanium for Impressed Current Anodes Cathodic Protection

Product Number: MECC23-20036-SG

Author: Talal Al-Zahrani; Abdullatif Al-Abdulhadi; Haitham Al-Jahani; Nayef Al-Anazi; Balasubramani Bakthavatchalu; Abdulrahman Al-Huwaiji

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Eliminating and mitigating corrosion is one of the major objectives that oil-and-gas industries are adopting to enhance and optimize the life of their assets. It is achieved by applying scientifically proven concepts that allows industries to with stand corrosion impacts, such as: cathodic protection. It is an electrochemical technique that controls a corrosion cycle by shifting the reaction and electrical potential of the metal surface, which requires protection, from anodic oxidized region to cathodic reduced region.

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Modeling and Prediction of Pipeline External Corrosion

Product Number: 51324-20704-SG

Author: Naim Dakwar; Sankara Papavinasam; Abdullah Hammoud

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

External corrosion (EC) is still the leading cause of oil and gas transmission pipeline incidences. The primary source for understanding external corrosion risk is one of the interrelated parameters: EC rate, remaining wall thickness, or percentage wall loss. They may be obtained from five (5) sources: laboratory data (CLab), field operating conditions (CField), field above ground surveys (Csurveys), inline inspection (CILI), and field below ground inspection (CFBGM). • Laboratory data (CLab) and field operating data (CField) are “leading indicators” of localized pitting corrosion rate. • Field above ground surveys (Csurveys) are “current indicators”. • ILI (CILI) and field below ground inspection (CFBGM) are “past indicators”. The paper compares leading indicators CLab and CField with present condition indicator (CAbove) and trailing indicators (CILI, and CFBGM) of two (2) Saudi Aramco pipelines. This paper describes the success of the approach, lessons learned, and future improvements. How this approach is superior to other methods of prediction such as machine learning and simulation has been explained and how using the 5-M methodology as the based can accelerate the development of other approaches (artificial intelligence (AI) and simulation) has been described.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance