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Investigation Study on a Failed Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe

Product Number: MECC23-20059-SG

Author: Khalid M. Almudarra; Nayef M. Al-Anazi; Ibrahim M. Alzahrani; Maryam S. Alramadhan; Reem A. Alalwan; Mirza M. Baig; Haitham K. Aljahani

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Finance, workforce, and asset integrity are all major factors played in the global transition initiative from the use of the corrodible metallic materials to the long-lasting non-metallic materials such as the composites. The three monolithic materials, in other words, materials made up of a single type of blocks which are the metallic, ceramic, as well as the polymeric materials have been major fields of interest for centuries. However, a more recent field of promising materials has emerged and been recognized, which is the composite materials.

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Investigations on Extrusion Conditions and Their Effects on Aesthetics and Long-Term Performance

Product Number: 51324-21091-SG

Author: Connie Przeslawski

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Powder coating extrusion requires the engineer’s consideration of the raw material chemistry and how each extruder parameter affects the powder’s behavior during compounding. Prior investigations reviewed how changes in extrusion parameters and conditions can affect the coating’s aesthetics and performance. New details in powder coating extrusion processing conditions and formulation chemistry allow the engineer to achieve specific coating characteristics. This study will be an update on the recent developments of long-term weathering exposure of high-performance powder coating topcoats on metallic substrates. Along with accelerated weathering (ASTM D4587), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to examine the coating’s appearance and performance. These findings will contribute to refining the industry’s knowledge to distinguish key parameters for outstanding long-term performance for topcoat systems.

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Investigations On The Effect Of Cold Work And Proton Irradiation On The EAC Behavior Of Austenitic Stainless Steels

Product Number: ED22-18528-SG

Author: Matthias Herbst, Renate Kilian, Michael Grimm

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

All tests in this program have been performed under simulated PWR primary cooling water conditions. The oxide layer development and morphology is addressed in the literature and more intensively being investigated during the last ten years. The oxide layer that is typically observed under these conditions has a double layer structure. The outer layer is composed of large particles of Fe3O4 and the inner layer mainly consists of small particles of FeCr2O4, e.g.

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Investigations on the Microstructural Stability after Long-term High-temperature Exposure of Alloy 699 XA

Product Number: 51323-18845-SG

Author: Tatiana Hentrich, Heike Hattendorf, Sabine Bellmann, Benedikt Nowak

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

VDM Alloy 699 XA (UNS N06699, EN Alloy number 2.4842) is a new alloy, which was developed for applications in the petrochemical industry under metal dusting conditions between 400°C and 800°C. Important properties of a new material are corrosion resistance, such as to metal dusting, oxidation resistance, and workability versus high temperature strength, which are essential for industrial applications. Currently, there are material solutions which demonstrate good metal dusting resistance, but may have issues with workability. In addition, there are also minimum requirements concerning creep resistance. It is therefore of fundamental interest, in the context of alloy design, to develop materials that has these important properties and satisfies the needs of industrial users.

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IOW Analysis With Installed UT Sensors: How Process Changes Impact Corrosion Rates

Product Number: 51322-17611-SG

Author: Mitchell Gribi, Rebecca Henderson, Ivan Morales, Rebecca Franco, Zackary Lerch

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Many asset owners struggle to identify the root cause of fluctuating corrosion rates due to unreliable inspection data. Facilities worldwide are tasked with monitoring thousands of Condition Monitoring Locations (CMLs) with established NDE techniques such as manual ultrasonic testing and radiography. While these techniques can provide valuable “snapshots” of the condition of particular locations, limitations and inherent errors can compound leading to ill-advised decision making. Manually taken thickness data can vary greatly and result in unwarranted complacency or excessive and costly inspections.

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IOW Analysis with Wireless UT Sensors: How Changes Impact Corrosion Rates

Product Number: MECC23-20018-SG

Author: Steve Strachan; Mitch Gribi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Many asset owners struggle to identify the root cause of fluctuating corrosion rates due to unreliable, infrequent, or sheer lacks of quantity of inspection data to make informed decisions on asset health. Facilities worldwide are tasked with monitoring thousands of Condition Monitoring Locations (CMLs) with established NDE techniques such as manual ultrasonic testing and radiography. While these techniques can provide valuable “snapshots” of the condition of particular locations, limitations and inherent errors can compound leading to ill-advised decision making.

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Is 22 HRC the right threshold for TMCP large diameter pipes in severe sour environment?

Product Number: 51323-18943-SG

Author: Hervé Marchebois, Christophe Mendibide, Bruce Cowe, Carole Dessolin

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The manufacturing and field experience of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel plates produced by Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Process (TMCP) are well defined in industry standards and literature. The TMCP method consists of a well-prescribed rolling pass schedule followed by accelerated cooling that leads to a fine-grain microstructure with the desired mechanical properties of the produced plates.
Quite recently, this TMCP process resulted in detrimental local variations with hidden hardness variations on pipe ID, so-called Local hard Zones (LHZ).

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Is Surface Charge Important for Scaling on Polymeric Matrices?

Product Number: 51323-19524-SG

Author: P.D. Natsi, G.Ziomas, Th. Kourassi, P.G. Koutsoukos

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The formation of inorganic scale deposits in numerous waters mediated industrial applications takes place by heterogeneous nucleation and crystal growth. These processes depend on the supersaturation of the solution in contact with respect to the depositing salt, on the characteristic features of the surface on which scaling takes place, temperature, fluid velocity and the presence of foreign substances. Despite the importance of the surface on which salts form, very few studies have focused on this issue.

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Is the Standardized SSC Testing Approach Applicable for Dense Phase CO2 Applications?

Product Number: 51324-20933-SG

Author: Klas Solberg; Kari Lønvik ; Riccardo Rizzo; Erling Østby; Bente Leinum

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Increased tolerance levels for impurities in CO2 compositions for pipeline transport will give considerable value to CCS projects. Increasing the allowable H2S limits may impose a risk for sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and corrosion. ISO 15156 defines the testing requirements for SSC for oil and gas production, however, CCS applications are not considered in the standard and need to be fully understood in order to provide the right requirements. This work presents preliminary results from an ongoing project with the objective to establish the allowable H2S limit in pipelines transporting CO2 and to establish whether it is possible to represent dense phase SSC behavior by testing in ambient conditions. Autoclave four-point bending test results and simulations are presented and further used to discuss the implications of correlating the dense phase conditions to ambient conditions.

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Is Your CIS Data Accurate?

Product Number: 51322-17809-SG

Author: Jay Warner, Randy Hilgart

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Electrical potential surveys are typically required to be completed on a periodic basis on cathodically protected structures such as underground pipelines. However, proving that a cathodic protection system is providing the degree of corrosion protection required can often be a time-consuming and error prone endeavor. It is a typical practice, and often required, to interrupt the CP source(s) to carry out these surveys, the accuracy of which is affected by several factors, including the presence and inherent function of DC decouplers.

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ISO 27913 - Example for Successful Standardization Activities in the Field of CCUS

Product Number: 51324-20592-SG

Author: Ralph Bäßler

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Since 2016 ISO Technical Committee (TC) 265 is working on standardization the whole CCS-process chain. Around 30 countries are working together to provide international guidelines. As ISO 279131 was the first standard finished within these activities it is already in the stage of first revision. The objective of ISO 27913 is “to provide specific requirements and recommendations on certain aspects of safe and reliable design, construction and operation of pipelines intended for the large-scale transportation of CO2 that are not already covered in existing pipeline standards such as ISO 136232, ASME B31.83, EN 15944, AS 28855 or other standards. Existing pipeline standards cover many of the issues related to the design and construction of CO2 pipelines; however, there are some CO2 specific issues that are not adequately covered in these standards. The purpose of this document is to cover these issues consistently. Hence, this document is not a standalone standard, but is written to be a supplement to other existing pipeline standards for natural gas or liquids for both onshore and offshore pipelines. This contribution shall provide information on the content, the current stage of the revision process, encourage to contribute to this standard and make listeners aware to consider the influence of ISO standard on documents currently in draft.

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Issues with Correlation between Accelerated Test Methods and Field Performance

Product Number: 51324-20975-SG

Author: Gunnar Dunér; Ted Best; Dongrui Yang; Victoria Gelling

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Lifetime prediction often relies on various accelerated methods with the end goal of accurately predicting time-to-failure and failure modes which may occur during real-world exposure. This presentation will focus on a case study for organic coatings over a coil-type metal substrate. Samples from 2011 were evaluated by multiple corrosion, humidity, flexibility, and adhesion measurements prior to field exposure at two test fences in Florida. An unexpected field failure, general blistering, was observed relatively rapidly after the field exposure commenced. This study focuses on data analysis of the 2011 physical and corrosion tests, field exposure results, and recent electrochemical and microscopic evaluations of unexposed 2011 retain samples. The retain samples were from the same 2011 study, but they were never tested and were maintained wrapped on a shelf in a laboratory. No correlation was observed between the standard 2011 tests and the resulting field performance. However, newer test methods, including Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) cross-section analysis with elemental mapping, provided insight into the reason for the field blister failure. The proposed mechanism of failure was inconsistencies in pretreatment deposition which caused inconsistent EIS performance and localized blistering upon field testing.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance