AMPP Store - AMPP Conference Papers

Available for download

Evaluation of Glass Reinforced Plastic for Post Combustion CO2 Capture Amine Service

Product Number: 51323-18832-SG

Author: Anupom Sabhapondit, Aruna V T, Rajiv Srinivasan, Karl Stephenne, Sukanta Ghosh

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Carbon capture and storage as well as sequestration (CCS) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has been gaining immense importance in recent times as one of the practically achievable solutions to reduce global CO2 emissions, especially from industrial sources and thus reduce global warming. The use of different commercially available amine formulations is a well-established and widely used technology to capture the CO2 gas from industrial gas streams. Amines in liquid form, mostly mixed with water as well as in solid form, many times incorporated in nanomaterials are used to capture CO2 from industrial gas streams, eg., tail gas from power plants.

Available for download

Evaluation Of Hydrogen Embrittlement Of Nickel-Based Alloys In Cesium Formate With H2S/CO2

Product Number: 51322-18024-SG

Author: Xiaoji Li, Ramgopal Thodla

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Cesium formate (CsFo) brines have been used as the drilling and/or completion fluids in oil and gas wells in need of high-density fluids.^1,2 Multiple studies on corrosion of steels and corrosion resistance alloys (CRA) in formate environments have been reported in the literature.^2-8 It was known that the formate brines could undergo significant decomposition to form hydrogen when in contact with catalytic surfaces which CRA can act as. Therefore, there have been concerns that the CRA may catalyze the decomposition of formate brines to accelerate the generation of hydrogen which in turn may embrittle certain CRAs and endanger the relevant well equipment.

Available for download

Evaluation of Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of 41XX Cr-Mo steels, 13Cr Stainless Steel in High Pressure Hydrogen Environment

Product Number: 51323-18971-SG

Author: Karthik Krishnan, Shashwat Shukla, Arpana Verma

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Hydrogen gas (H2) is touted for potential as future fuel as it could be a way to convert excess energy produced when demand is lower. Depending on the source of excess energy used for conversion to Hydrogen this process could have low or no carbon footprint. This Hydrogen gas could then be stored and used for electricity, transportation, chemical processes when the demand arises similar to how natural gas is being used currently. Thus, storage of Hydrogen in vast volumes would be one of the key elements for the success of Hydrogen as a future fuel

Available for download

Evaluation of Mechanistic Models and Correlations for Predicting Solid Particle-Induced Erosion under Various Flow Regimes

Product Number: 51323-19084-SG

Author: Farzin Darihaki, Ronald E. Vieira, Siamack A. Shirazi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Erosion, a mechanical process during which material is removed from the pipelines and other flow-containing equipment, can occur when solid particles such as sand are carried by the flow. Erosion is more critical when there is a change in the flow direction, such as particle-laden flows in elbows and tees.

While experimentation is a possible approach to obtain erosion rates, the conditions under which tests could be performed are limited in some respects.

Available for download

Evaluation of Microbial Corrosion Implications in Flooded Pipe Strings

Product Number: MECC23-20068-SG

Author: Razan Alharthi; Matteo Leoni; Amani Alghamdi; Xiangyang Zhu

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In the construction of a 400 km gas pipeline system, thirty (30) pipe strings (approximately 26 km) were exposed to atmospheric conditions and rain flooded for 1-2 years. The pipe is 56”, uncoated carbon steel. Prior to their application in gas pipeline construction, the inspection detected uniform internal corrosion in some strings, but no signs of pitting corrosion were observed.

Available for download

Evaluation Of Pitting Penetration Associated With Steel Exterior Of Hanford Tanks

Product Number: 51322-18002-SG

Author: K.J. Evans, S. Chawla, K.M. Sherer, B.C. Rollins, J.A. Beavers, J. S. Page and C.L. Girardot, N. Sridhar

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The Hanford site contains approximately 55 million gallons (2.08 x 108 liters) of radioactive and chemically hazardous wastes arising from weapons production, beginning with World War II and continuing through he Cold War era. The wastes are stored in 177 carbon steel underground storage tanks, of which 149 are single-shell tanks (SSTs) and the remaining are double-shell tanks (DSTs). Historically, tank failures have been associated with the SSTs

Available for download

Evaluation Of Reactive Sulfur For Improved Corrosion Predictions In Oil Refineries

Product Number: 51322-18039-SG

Author: Ishan Patel, Gheorghe Bota, David Young

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Naphthenic acids and sulfur species in crude oil cause severe corrosion of the steel equipment of crude distillation units in oil refineries.^1–3 Because of rapidly changing oil economics, the refineries have inclined towards cheaper “opportunity crudes”, but the high levels of corrosive species, mainly naphthenic acids and organosulfur compounds, in these crudes would reduce the life of the equipment, and also increase the risk of catastrophic failure.³ So the opportunity crudes are often blended with the crudes containing lower levels of corrosive species; this decreases overall concentration of corrosive species and the corrosion rates.^4,5 However, corrosion rates are not simply proportional to the concentrations of naphthenic acids and sulfur species that are present in the crude oil.^4,5 Without accurate estimation of corrosion rates by crude oils or their “blends”, carbon steel equipment needs to be constructed with higher wall thickness for safety; if still insufficient, high alloy steels are required.

Available for download

Evaluation Of Relative Humidity Dependence For Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor Desorption

Product Number: 51322-17497-SG

Author: Jonathan Brekan, Kristi Lanzo

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The use of volatile corrosion inhibitor packaging continues to be a mainstay in protecting metal parts in shipping and storage. Initial protective packaging applications of VCIs involved coated paper^1-4 which was used to wrap or interleave metal parts for transportation and/or storage. This type of wrapping evolved into film packaging where the inhibitors were extruded into film.

Available for download

Evaluation Of Scale Deposition And Inhibition Using A Pilot-Scale Test System

Product Number: 51322-17826-SG

Author: Andrew Fyfe, David Nichols, Mark May, Neil Goodwin, Gordon Graham

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The formation of common inorganic scales (such as BaSO₄, SrSO₄, CaSO₄ and CaCO₃) in production tubing presents a significant problem in the oil and gas industry. The mixing of incompatible waters or changes in temperature, pressure, pH or hydrodynamics of a fluid may result in scale deposition, with the potential to cause constrictions in production tubing when allowed to build up. This can lead to costly interventions that result in delayed production and loss of revenue. Therefore, an effective scale mitigation strategy is a crucial part of field development and management.

Available for download

Evaluation of Seawater Treatments to Mitigate the Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steels and CRAs Rigid Pipeline During Pre-Commissioning Operations and Long-Term Wet Storage

Product Number: 51324-21050-SG

Author: Charles Leballeur; Quang-Tung Tran; Krystel Pélissier; Nicolas Larché

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Once installed at the seabed, subsea rigid pipes in Carbon steel (CS), Low Alloys Steels (LAS) or in Corrosion Resistant Alloys (CRAs) can be wet stored for various durations. During this idle period, the lines can be filled with natural seawater generally treated with different types of chemicals, to mitigate localized corrosion initiation of stainless steel or the general corrosion of carbon steel. The chemicals are usually oxygen scavengers combined with or without biocides and corrosion inhibitor. Field experiences show that satisfying efficiency is obtained with some chemical’s combination. However, only few data are available in the literature to quantify separately the actual benefit of these chemicals and their combination. The needs to investigate sustainable alternative chemicals for these wet storage operations are also anticipated. In order to quantify the individual and synergistic effects of the selected chemicals, API 5L X65 carbon steel and UNS S31603 stainless steel were exposed for one year in seawater treated by different available combinations of oxygen scavenger, biocides, and corrosion inhibitors. Environmental-friendly chemicals have also been assessed as possible alternatives to conventional biocides. The corrosion rate of carbon steel coupons immersed in specific exposure cells, that simulate the confined exposure conditions during the wet storage, have then been determined by weight loss measurements after 3 weeks, 2, 6, and 12 months. The impact of the treatments on the corrosion rate and the bacterial activity have also been studied by Dissolved Oxygen Content (DOC) and Open Circuit Potential (OCP) monitoring, Electric Resistance (ER) measurements, and bacterial analysis. The current investigation shows that low DOC levels have been achieved which inhibited the so-called “biofilm ennoblement” of stainless steel. Thus, no corrosion occurred for UNS S31603. Such results are also applicable to most CRAs under similar exposure environment. The synergic effects of oxygen scavenger, biocides and corrosion inhibitor on the corrosion rate of carbon steel are also discussed.

Available for download

Evaluation Of Specific Energy Absorption Rate In Aged EPR-Insulated Cables Using Finite Element Analysis

Product Number: ED22-17312-SG

Author: Sean O’Brien, Brian Hinderliter, Margaret Elmer-Dixon, Melissa Maurer-Jones, Robert Duckworth

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Medium voltage (MV) cables, which typically operate in the range of 2 kV to 35 kV, are commonly used in nuclear power plants (NPPs) throughout the world. These cables support the safety and wellbeing of NPPs by providing supplementary power for safety systems to continue operating during emergency events such as natural disasters or human-induced outages. This allows for uninterrupted reactor operations for a short period of time until the primary safety systems can be brought back online. Given their critical importance to the operation of NPPs, MV cables are often installed in locations such as underground concrete ducts or electrical conduits that limit cable exposure to environmental stressors such as moisture and temperature. Despite the fact that these cables are not operating continuously given the overall rarity of NPP emergency events, they must still satisfy reliability and lifetime performance requirements of cables used in primary NPP operations.

Available for download

Evaluation of Stray Current Interference of Thermally Insulated Pipelines in Real Soil Environments

Product Number: 51323-19229-SG

Author: Yoon-Sik So, Woo-Cheol Kim, Sin-Jae Kang, Jung-Gu Kim

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

As using underground infrastructures, such as heat transport facilities continues for a long time, damage cases due to corrosion continue to occur. Therefore, it is essential to understand the corrosion behavior of underground metal facilities in terms of safety and economy. Many studies have been conducted on the corrosion of pipeline steels in soil.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance