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Assessment Of Precorrosion Methods For Inhibitor Testing Under Sour Conditions

Product Number: 51322-17903-SG

Author: Attila Palencsár, Rolf Nyborg

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Development of new oil and gas fields is likely to involve sour reserves to an increasing degree. Sour
production often brings about difficulties in terms of asset integrity, related particularly to corrosion
mitigation. Employing corrosion resistant alloys implies a considerable escalation in investment costs. On this basis the use of carbon steel and CO2/H2S corrosion inhibition remains a highly desirable
option.

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Asset Integrity Confidence Enhancement: A Case Study in Enhancing Facilities Integrity through the Management of Inherited Risk from the Manufacturing and Fabrication Phase of a Facility's Life Cycle

Product Number: 51324-21067-SG

Author: Tan Su Anne; Nurul Asni Bt Mohamed; M Aswadi B Ton Alias; M Iskandar B Bakeri

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Asset integrity management is an essential part of the Mechanical Integrity element in the Process Safety Management framework. Programs such as risk-based inspection evaluate operational risks and establishes inspection plans to prevent unplanned facility failures. However, an effective Asset Integrity practice should also consider residual risks originating from the manufacturing and fabrication phase. Neglecting these risks can lead to unexpected failures during operations. A recent incident arising from improper heat treatment of stainless steel components in high-temperature refinery service highlighted the need for enhanced integrity measures. In response to this, a materials assessment was initiated, analyzing data from the equipment quality dossier. Gaps in manufacturing and fabrication processes were identified, and mitigated by a customized inspection program. This paper discusses crucial factors during manufacturing and fabrication that may cause degradation of material properties, resulting in premature failure. Additionally, it explores safety risks and other identified gaps from the study, along with the corresponding mitigation measures.

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Asset Life Extension Through Deployment of Corrosion and Inspection Technologies: Corrosion Monitoring Vs. Condition Monitoring

Product Number: 51323-19279-SG

Author: Faisal M. Al-Mutahhar, Rakan A. Al-Shebil, Ayman A. Alabdullatif

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

As facilities in the oil and gas industry age with time, corrosion mitigation and control become more important. Failure of processing equipment is likely to entail production loss, loss of containment, environmental impact, and/or human risk. Internal corrosion failures represent one of the major risks to process equipment and piping.

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Atmospheric Corrosion Detection And Management With AI

Product Number: 51322-18087-SG

Author: Eric L. Ferguson, Steve Potiris, Marco Castillo, Toby F. Dunne, Suchet Bargot

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

External corrosion on offshore O&G platforms is one of the biggest threats to asset integrity and its management is a large operational expense. Many operators now implement risk-based assessment (RBA) programs where all equipment is assessed periodically with the aim to reduce operational costs while maintaining integrity. Regulatory codes for offshore platforms in the GoM require a visual inspection of all pressure equipment and piping every five-years. In practice, this can equate to approximately 20% of equipment being inspected per year on a large-sized offshore platform (i.e., a topside weight of around 10,000 tons), with a rolling five-year inspection plan to balance the inspection workload evenly through time.

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Atmospheric Corrosion Monitoring using Electrical Resistance Probes

Product Number: 51323-19271-SG

Author: Andreas Junker Olesen, Frank Fontenay, Lars Vendelbo Nielsen, Lisbeth Hilbert

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Atmospheric corrosion monitoring has traditionally been a lengthy and costly discipline. Visual inspection and weight loss testing is commonly applied, and this requires years of testing and on-site inspections with regular intervals. Furthermore, inspections and surveys in marine environments are troublesome, expensive and sometimes dangerous.

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Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel: Results of a Field Exposure in Italy

Product Number: 51324-20931-SG

Author: Sukanya Hägg Mameng; Lena Wegrelius; Claes Tigerstrand; Marco Frigo

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Different material selection procedures exist for stainless steel in infrastructure applications. The most common is the EN 1993-1-4: 2015 (Eurocode 3)–Annex A, which is applicable to all of Europe. The guideline can be used to reduce necessary testing time, but they do not describe the behaviour of stainless steel under practical conditions. The atmospheric corrosion resistance of stainless steel depends on the material-related parameters and environmental conditions. The atmospheric corrosion performance of stainless steel grades in a marine environment in Genoa, Italy, was investigated by conducting an atmospheric field test exposure program. The result shows that the test station in Genoa, Italy, can be characterized as a marine environment with a medium corrosivity class (C3 for carbon steel and zinc) following ISO 9223. Following the EN 1993-1-4: 2015 (Eurocode 3)–Annex A, the test site's Corrosion Resistance Class (CRC) is CRC IV. In the marine environment in Genoa, Italy, high-Cr stainless steel, such as grades S82441 and S32205, should be used for adequate atmospheric corrosion resistance for infrastructure materials. The field test results illustrate the application of stainless steel structures. The result also provide data for future revisions of EN 1993-1-4: 2015 (Eurocode 3)–Annex A regarding material selection.

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Atmospheric Corrosion: GIS Corrosion Mapping and Materials Selection for Electrical Transmission Lines and Solar Farms

Product Number: 51324-20792-SG

Author: Mehrooz Zamanzadeh; George T. Bayer; Alyson Char; Anil Kumar Chikkam; Peyman Taheri

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The life expectancy of transmission structures depends largely on the material selected and the material’s suitability to the environment to which the structures are exposed. The selection of galvanized and weathering steels for above and below grade applications is a matter of corrosion engineering judgement and corrosivity of the service environments, economics, appearance, and aesthetics. The best way to select the right material for T&D applications is to develop a corrosion map for the service territory that addresses both atmospheric and underground corrosion risks. The map would identify areas of high, medium, and low corrosion risks based on quantified corrosion rates. As part of this effort one can perform field inspections to confirm the accuracy of the corrosion risk assessment map for the material selected.

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Atmospheric Environment Severity Monitoring for Corrosion Management

Product Number: 51323-19464-SG

Author: Liam Agnew, Brandi Clark, Victoria Avance, Fritz Friedersdorf

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosion costs the US Department of Defense billions of dollars annually, with the impact of corrosion estimated at $20.6B in fiscal year 2016. It continues to be one of the leading causes of aircraft unavailability and accounts for a significant portion of maintenance labor and costs. Corrosion management practices are chosen to minimize maintenance costs while maximizing the availability of an asset.

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Atmospheric Plasma Coating Removal For Naval Engineering And Maintenance Applications

Product Number: 51322-18170-SG

Author: Glenn Astolfi, Arthur Wood, Jeffrey Piascik, Peter Yancey, Levi Snowden, Robert Ross

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

A vessel docked for maintenance is a vessel out of service. For military forces, this significantly affects the readiness of that force, its ability to respond quickly and appropriately to a developing situation. It is for this reason that the United States Navy continues to search for and invest in innovations that improve maintenance turn-around times as well as innovations that keep vessels in service for longer periods of time. In large-scale construction and manufacturing industries such as shipbuilding and naval maintenance, coating removal is an essential but time-consuming process required for constructing and maintaining vessels and other structures.

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Atmospheric Plasma: One-Step Precision Process To Remove Coating And Promote Chemical Adhesion

Product Number: 51322-18152-SG

Author: Pietro Ranieri, Levi Snowden, Jason Stimson, Peter Yancey

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This paper details a precision process for removal of coatings and preparation of the metal surface underneath for optimal chemical adhesion without damaging the metal surface or the surface profile. A precision process is required for removal of coatings around corroded surfaces, potentially defective structures, or thin-walled ligaments where abrasive removal procedures will damage the substrate. In these cases, removing metal will worsen or cause a defect where replacement is expensive. A precision tool that can safely remove the coating, allow for inspection, and enhance adhesion for recoating is needed. This type of tool would enhance existing repair technologies and eliminate the immediate need for replacement.

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Attempts for Preventing Hydrogen Embrittlement and Solving the Infrastructure Problems for Hydrogen Gas Transmission Lines - A Practical IGC Study Based on Surface Thermodynamics

Product Number: 51324-20697-SG

Author: Michael E Hinman; Ilhan Ulkem

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This work summarizes the preliminary results of an effective experimental methodology called IGC, Inverse Gas Chromatography. IGC analysis is a well-established, surface thermodynamics technique. Different types of model coating materials have been tested under relatively identical conditions to determine their ability to interact with hydrogen gas. Findings helped establish a practical way of ranking materials with respect to their interaction with hydrogen. This potentially leads to their ability to protect the infrastructure by either reducing the chances for hydrogen to reach or eliminating it from reaching the metal surface entirely. Greater protection is expected to be achieved with the use of coatings that very weakly interact with hydrogen gas as opposed to those that interact strongly and allow the hydrogen to diffuse into them.

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Augmentation Of Iron Carbonate Corrosion Products Using Amino Acids In CO2 Corrosion Environments

Product Number: 51322-17754-SG

Author: Dilshad Shaikhah, Wassim Taleb, Bruce Cowe, Maalek Mohamed-Said, Anne Neville, Richard Barker

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Oil and gas production in a CO₂ saturated environment is known to lead to corrosion due to dissolved carbonic acid. However, when the conditions are favorable, a protective FeCO₃ layer can also form which reduces the material degradation of the underlying steel by up to ten or a hundred times.1 The formation of FeCO₃ is possible via the reaction shown in equation 1.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance