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A Review of the Development of 13-17% Cr Stainless Steel Filler Metals and Filler Metal Selection for Restoring 13% Cr Stainless Steel Cladding

Materials clad with 13% Cr stainless steel have been widely used in refining where high temperature sulfidation is a concern. When such materials are applied in columns vessels and heat exchangers restoration of the cladding using welded overlay on carbon or low alloy steel base metals is required during original fabrication or for welding repairs made during service. The first part of this paper describes a comprehensive review of the development in Japan since the 1970's of the use of 13% Cr stainless steel filler metal for restoring cladding. That review focuses mainly on the optimization of chemical compositions of the filler metal to avoid martensite formation and consequent cold cracking in the welds. Several cases are presented where 13% Cr stainless steel filler metal was applied to hydroprocessing reactors fractionators and coke drums made of 13% Cr stainless steel clad carbon or low alloy steels. The last half of this paper introduces three possible choices for the filler metal: Ni-based alloy Type 309 stainless steel and 13% Cr stainless steel. The pros and cons of each are discussed from the viewpoints of fabrication and corrosion resistance considering the service environment.

Product Number: 51319-12754-SG
Author: Mikihiro Sakata
Publication Date: 2019
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