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97426 Corrosion Resistance of High Alloy Materials Exposed to Chlorinated and Natural Seawater

Picture for 97426 Corrosion Resistance of High Alloy Materials
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Product Number: 51300-97426-SG
ISBN: 97426 1997 CP
Author: Manuel N. Maligas, John Vicic
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Corrosion resistant alloys have been selected in marine environments for wellhead equipment for their corrosion resistance. Many of these corrosion reistant alloys however, are prone to localized corrosion or particularly crevice and pitting corrosion in natural seawater. In the past de-oxygenated seawater has normally been used for injection into the oil bearing formation to increase the production rate and recovery of oil from a reservoir. Current work is underway to utilize fully oxygenated seawater for this purpose. Eliminating deaeration equipment will result in weight savings and reduced operating costs for offshore platforms. Keywords: nickel base alloys, super duplex, crevice corrosion chlorination, natural seawater
Corrosion resistant alloys have been selected in marine environments for wellhead equipment for their corrosion resistance. Many of these corrosion reistant alloys however, are prone to localized corrosion or particularly crevice and pitting corrosion in natural seawater. In the past de-oxygenated seawater has normally been used for injection into the oil bearing formation to increase the production rate and recovery of oil from a reservoir. Current work is underway to utilize fully oxygenated seawater for this purpose. Eliminating deaeration equipment will result in weight savings and reduced operating costs for offshore platforms. Keywords: nickel base alloys, super duplex, crevice corrosion chlorination, natural seawater
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96080 Material Selection for Wellhead Equipment Exposed to Chlorinated and Natural Seawater

Product Number: 51300-96080-SG
ISBN: 96080 1996 CP
Author: Stein Olsen, Manuel Maligas, Perry Nice, John Vicic, T. Vinn
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04298 Corrosion Evaluation of a High Performance Cu-Based Alloy for Seawater Applications

Product Number: 51300-04298-SG
ISBN: 04298 2004 CP
Author: John O. Ratka, Brush Wellman Inc.; Manuel N. Maligas, FMC Technologies
Publication Date: 2004
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In seawater, higher strength nickel-copper alloys are used as alternatives to copper alloys. These  can be susceptible to chloride stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen embrittlement in conditions where cathodic protection is utilized.  Copper-Nickel-Tin alloys (CuNiSn) show low corrosion rates in the free and coupled conditions.  Resistance to hydrogen embrittlement is demonstrated.
Picture for Crevice Corrosion Performance of High Grade Stainless Steels and Ni-Based Alloys in Natural And Treated Seawater
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Crevice Corrosion Performance of High Grade Stainless Steels and Ni-Based Alloys in Natural And Treated Seawater

Product Number: 51316-7196-SG
ISBN: 7196 2016 CP
Author: Dominique Thierry
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To better understand and quantify the effect of crevice geometry, several crevice configurations simulating service conditions were evaluated including flanges assembled with gaskets, bolts mounted with nuts to plates, and the standard CREVCORR-type crevice formers.
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