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96536 FAILURE OF OIL-FIRED BOILER WATERWALL TUBES DUE TO INTERGRANULAR CORROSION-FATIGUE PROCESS: A CASE STUDY

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Product Number: 51300-96536-SG
ISBN: 96536 1996 CP
Author: L. Martinez, D. Lopez-Lopez, A. Wong-Moreno
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Internal corrosion and circumferential cracking due to a corrosion fatigue process are some of the most common failure causes of waterwall boiler tubes. The case study reported in this paper considers the failure of waterwall tubes of a small subcritical refinery boiler due to a combination of both processes. Circumferential cracking is reported in supercritical boilers with the characteristic felature of transgranular cracks. Intergranular corrosion fatigue cracks were present as a result of high temperature, which resulted from the presence of internal corrosion and formation of heavy deposits. While internal corrosion played a key role in the failure mechanism, the root cause of the failure is considered to be related to the generation of reducing atmospheres and high thermal flux due to flame impingement. Keywords: Corrosion fatigue, circumferential cracking, flame impingement, internal corrosion, waterwall tube, fuel oil, boilers, asphaltene, failure analysis.
Internal corrosion and circumferential cracking due to a corrosion fatigue process are some of the most common failure causes of waterwall boiler tubes. The case study reported in this paper considers the failure of waterwall tubes of a small subcritical refinery boiler due to a combination of both processes. Circumferential cracking is reported in supercritical boilers with the characteristic felature of transgranular cracks. Intergranular corrosion fatigue cracks were present as a result of high temperature, which resulted from the presence of internal corrosion and formation of heavy deposits. While internal corrosion played a key role in the failure mechanism, the root cause of the failure is considered to be related to the generation of reducing atmospheres and high thermal flux due to flame impingement. Keywords: Corrosion fatigue, circumferential cracking, flame impingement, internal corrosion, waterwall tube, fuel oil, boilers, asphaltene, failure analysis.
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96544 SOME COMMON CORROSION MECHANISMS LEADING TO BOILER TUBE FAILURE

Product Number: 51300-96544-SG
ISBN: 96544 1996 CP
Author: D. I. Bain, J. D. Haff, J. A. Kelly
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07443 Stress Assisted Corrosion in Boiler Tubes - Failure Analysis

Product Number: 51300-07443-SG
ISBN: 07443 2007 CP
Author: Preet M. Singh, Steven J. Pawel, Dong Yang, and Jamshad Mahmood
Publication Date: 2007
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Stress assisted corrosion (SAC) is a major concern for kraft recovery boilers in the pulp and paper industry. A water leak can cause a smelt-water explosion in the boiler. A number of carbon steel tubes showed a deep decarburized layer on the inner surface (water-touched) and also an unusually large grain size at the inner tube surface.
Picture for 07450 FAILURE ANALYSIS AND INVESTIGATION METHODS FOR BOILER TUBE FAILURES
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07450 FAILURE ANALYSIS AND INVESTIGATION METHODS FOR BOILER TUBE FAILURES

Product Number: 51300-07450-SG
ISBN: 07450 2007 CP
Author: Mehrooz Zamanzadeh, Edward S. Larkin, George T. Bayer, and William J. Linhart
Publication Date: 2007
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Failure analysis methodology is applied to the principal mechanisms by which boiler tubes fail during service.  sThe failure analysis procedure, or methodology for evaluation, is provided in a step by step approach.  Among the case histories discussed are: fatigue, erosion, short-term overheating, and hydrogen damage.
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