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11393 Characterization of Corrosion Products in Oil and Gas Facilities using X-ray Powder Diffraction Method

Picture for 11393 Characterization of Corrosion Products in Oil & Gas Facilities-Xray Powder Diffraction Method
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Product Number: 51300-11393-SG
ISBN: 2011 11393 CP
Author: Syed R. Zaidi and Husin Sitepu
Publication Date: 2011
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$20.00
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The failures of boiler tubes have consistently occurred in the Refinery (Ras Tanura, Jiddah and Riyadh) and gas plants (Ju’aymah and Shedgum). The Research and Development Center (R&DC) has helped the plant engineers to overcome the problems by identifying the nature and source of compounds (e.g., corrosion products, formation materials and scale deposits). The boiler consists of a furnace, boiler tubes, steam drum, mud drum and boiler. The furnace usually provides heat to the boiler and then changes water into steam. Here are the problems on why boiler tubes failed. The presence of vanadium and sodium compounds in the sample indicates the quality of burning fuels is poor. Also, if the large quantities of hematite-Fe2O3 (>15%) appears in the deposits, it indicates the presence of dissolved oxygen in boiler feed water. Additionally, if iron carbonate appears in the samples, it indicates the presence of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) in the system. Moreover, if the metallic copper is presence in the deposits, it indicates erosion in the boiler. Then, a special precaution to prevent the plating out of copper during cleaning operations is required. The identification procedures of the corrosion products, formation materials and scale deposit materials will be described.

Key words: Hematite, copper, boiler tubes, corrosion products, XRD
The failures of boiler tubes have consistently occurred in the Refinery (Ras Tanura, Jiddah and Riyadh) and gas plants (Ju’aymah and Shedgum). The Research and Development Center (R&DC) has helped the plant engineers to overcome the problems by identifying the nature and source of compounds (e.g., corrosion products, formation materials and scale deposits). The boiler consists of a furnace, boiler tubes, steam drum, mud drum and boiler. The furnace usually provides heat to the boiler and then changes water into steam. Here are the problems on why boiler tubes failed. The presence of vanadium and sodium compounds in the sample indicates the quality of burning fuels is poor. Also, if the large quantities of hematite-Fe2O3 (>15%) appears in the deposits, it indicates the presence of dissolved oxygen in boiler feed water. Additionally, if iron carbonate appears in the samples, it indicates the presence of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) in the system. Moreover, if the metallic copper is presence in the deposits, it indicates erosion in the boiler. Then, a special precaution to prevent the plating out of copper during cleaning operations is required. The identification procedures of the corrosion products, formation materials and scale deposit materials will be described.

Key words: Hematite, copper, boiler tubes, corrosion products, XRD
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