There have also been significant increases in specialist alloy prices, which combined with long
lead times for new equipment, can put projects into serious cost overruns.
A number of pipe projects which were originally specified in duplex and specialist alloys, have
been completed using carbon steel lined with vinyl-ester glassflake, as a cost-effective long-term
solution in aggressive service environments.
This paper will review work done using vinyl-ester glassflake materials and the application
methods developed to ensure high quality application of the linings, this included the
development of specialist application equipment. It will also review a number of case histories to
demonstrate the coating’s suitability in aggressive service applications