Dual laminate piping and ducting have been primarily used world wide in electrochemical processes such as chloralkali, sodium chlorate and hydrometallurgy. There are many recognized international standards which have been in use since the 1950's which include the German DIN 16965 part 2 for Type B pipes and the British standards BS 6464 and BS 7159. The physical and mechanical properties and testing requirements involve many different materials, fusion and bonding methods and
resin test methods. Design criteria will be discussed for temperature limitations, pressure and vacuum ratings (in relation to bond strength) pipe span distances and proof testing to ASME B31.3, Chapter 7, Part 9.