A recently developed flow-through, yittria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) pH sensor is presented. The Nernstian behavior and precision of the YSZ sensor was evaluated by comparing the potentials between the YSZ sensor and a Pt(H2) electrode. The results shows that this design is viable for pH measurements to an accuracy of about +-0.05 pH units, or about a factor of 2-10 better than it is normally achieved at temperatures above 300°C. A by-pass electrochemical system for on-line pH monitoring in industrial systems was designed. The system allows to in situ calibrate the pH sensors using the reference solutions and provide real-time monitoring of the pH of industrial hydrothermal fluids.