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Picture for Effects of Renewable Natural Gas and Hydrogen on Microbially Influenced Corrosion and Souring in Underground Gas Storage

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Effects of Renewable Natural Gas and Hydrogen on Microbially Influenced Corrosion and Souring in Underground Gas Storage

Product Number: 51324-21146-SG

Author: Scott Leleika; Taylor Rambo; Tekle Fida

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

A bench scale laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the microbial corrosion and souring effects renewable natural gas (RNG) and natural gas amended with hydrogen have on underground gas storage systems. Steel coupon-containing vials inoculated with produced fluid from an underground storage well were subject to different headspace conditions to simulate underground gas storage. The vials were filled with geologic natural gas, geologic natural gas amended with hydrogen, RNG, and RNG amended with hydrogen. Each condition was subject to molecular (qPCR, and 16S rRNA analysis), liquid chemistry (sulfate and volatile fatty acid), corrosion, and headspace chemistry (major components and trace sulfur) analysis in duplicate at three time points. The results showed that levels of sulfide production, microbial community composition, and coupon mass loss did not differ greatly between the natural gas and RNG conditions. However, the presence of hydrogen did increase the levels of sulfide in both geologic and RNG conditions. There was also evidence of significant biotransformation of hydrogen into an organic acid (formate). This experiment has shown that microbes native to underground storage wells could have an impact on gas quality and corrosion (via hydrogen sulfide production) if hydrogen is introduced.

Picture for Fracture Toughness of 41XX Cr-Mo Steel, Super Martensitic Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy in High Pressure Hydrogen Environment

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Fracture Toughness of 41XX Cr-Mo Steel, Super Martensitic Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy in High Pressure Hydrogen Environment

Product Number: 51324-21083-SG

Author: Karthik Krishnan; Shashwat Shukla; Arpana Verma

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Hydrogen is considered one of the options to be used as alternate fuel source to reduce carbon emissions. Towards this there is growing interest in using underground storage for hydrogen gas (H2) which can be stored in larger volumes, higher pressure than surface storage options would allow for. While underground well storage of natural gas is widely understood; there is far less experience in storing H2 only or H2 in blend with natural gas. An area of knowledge gap is the compatibility of metallic materials that need to be used for well construction for underground storage as the assessment of risk for Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE) would need to be addressed. In this work, some of the common materials used in well construction for various oil and gas wells, i.e., high strength quenched and tempered 41XX type Cr-Mo steel, Super Martensitic Stainless Steel (Super 13Cr) and Age Hardenable Nickel alloy grade Alloy 925 (UNS N09925) all with similar yield strength levels have been assessed for compatibility with high pressure H2 gas. Evaluation was mainly performed via Fracture Toughness testing in both inert and high pressure H2 gas environment per ASTM E1820.1 Details of this assessment and post testing evaluation of the specimens will be provided in this paper.

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