Products tagged with 'laboratory testing.'

View as

Sort by

Display per page

Available for download

A Parametric Evaluation of Well Construction Corrosion-Resistant Alloys for Geological Carbon Sequestration

Product Number: 51324-20582-SG

Author: Manuel Marya

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

A parametric test program involving completion alloys in supercritical CO2 was conducted using both isothermal and non-isothermal cycles in the presence of contaminants (i.e., H2O, NO2, SO2, H2S, H2) above typical impurity limits for carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). The isothermal testing consisted of 4500 psi (310 bar) autoclave tests at 175°F (79°C) with the test materials in supercritical CO2, and optionally, in a NaCl-rich brine in equilibrium; the non-isothermal testing was similar, but included three consecutive cycles with 250°F (121°C) and 70°F (21°C) exposures. Up to ten corrosion-resistant alloys [i.e., 9Cr (UNS K90941), 13Cr (UNS S42000), S13Cr (ISO13680 (1) Type 13-5-2), 15Cr (proprietary), 17Cr (proprietary, 22Cr (UNS S32205), 25Cr (UNS S32750), G3 (UNS N06985), 925 (UNS N09925), 718 (UNS N07718), and 716 (UNS N07716)] were tested for weight loss, pitting, and crevice corrosion. The alloys, known to be more susceptible to environmentally-assisted cracking (EAC), were also evaluated for cracking with ppm-levels impurities (25-to-150 ppmv each), including hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Alloys 22Cr, 25Cr, and API (2) Spec. 6A and Std. 5CRA nickel-based alloys are generally found to be fit-for-service for subsurface CCS. In contrast, the alloys with 9-to-17 wt.% chromium tend to suffer from pitting, which when extensive, has been associated with a case of EAC. For the pitting-resistant alloys under test, neither EAC nor crevice corrosion created major new risks. The introduction of non-isothermal cycles to qualify alloys for CCS has successfully emphasized the dominant effects of condensates, otherwise under-represented, and is suggested for future material testing and qualification programs.

Available for download

An Exploratory Investigation of the Cracking Susceptibility of Three Corrosion Resistant Alloys under Thermal Cycles and Conditions Exceeding the Traditional NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 Recommendations

Product Number: 51324-20455-SG

Author: Manuel Marya

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The environmentally-assisted cracking (EAC) of three wrought corrosion-resistant alloys (CRAs) with a minimum yield strength of 110ksi (760MPa) was investigated between 70°F (21°C) and 450°F (232°C) through weekly thermal cycles totalizing 42 days. The thermal cycling was introduced to approximate service equipment conditions and gain additional confidence on the EAC-free limits of all three CRAs. Alloys 17-4PH, K-500, and 925 were selected and exposed to a 180,000-ppm NaCl brine (pH=2.75) in equilibrium with 1000 psi (68.95 bar) H2S, 1000 psi (68.95 bar) CO2, and 2500 psi (172.37 bar) CH4. All three CRAs were (a) acquired as per the NACE MR0175/ISO 1516 requirements (1), (b) tested as per NACE TM0177 Method C at 30-to-90% of the CRA minimum specified minimum yield strength (SMYS), and (c) also compared for their weight-loss corrosion and localized corrosion. The results show: (a) Alloy 17-4PH remains resistant to EAC below 45% of its SMYS, (b) Alloy K-500 resists cracking at an estimated 80% of its SMYS, but uniformly corrodes by sulfide conversion under film at a rate of 64 mpy (1.63 mm/yr.), and (c) Alloy 925 continues to be immune to EAC at 90% of its SMYS. Alloy 17-4PH also corroded at a rate of 22.8 mpy (0.58 mm/yr.) in comparison to only 0.6 mpy (15.2 mm/yr.) for Alloy 925, with no CRA showing experiencing crevice corrosion.

Available for download

On Defending against Calcium Carbonate and Asphaltene Deposits Using Dual-Action Diamond-Like Carbon and Polymer-Like Coatings

Product Number: 51324-20896-SG

Author: Alireza Zolfaghari; Manuel Marya; Virendra Singh

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In searching for dual-action coatings, capable of combatting the deposition of calcium carbonate scale as well as asphaltene, three diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings, a polymer-like carbon (PLC) coating, and an engineering PPS-PTFE polymer coating were concurrently investigated for their resistance against these chemical deposits. Attempts were made to correlate surface properties, namely water contact angle and friction coefficient, with series of laboratory-made deposits generated over 72-hrs at 31 MPa and 75C by stirred and partially soluble liquids. Among all tested surfaces, deposits were successfully and repeatedly produced, and analyzed for their mass and their average adhesion (pull-off) strength. Several coatings, particularly the PLC coating, was identified for acting well against both calcium carbonate and asphaltene. A proprietary DLC coating also demonstrated beneficial effects against deposits; its high hardness and low friction coefficient also makes it particularly attractive for equipment with dynamic sealing surfaces. Finally, this short exploratory study did not establish a relationship between any type of deposition, contact angle, or friction coefficient, but proposes alternate explanations.

Products tagged with 'laboratory testing.'

A Parametric Evaluation of Well Construction Corrosion-Resistant Alloys for Geological Carbon Sequestration

An Exploratory Investigation of the Cracking Susceptibility of Three Corrosion Resistant Alloys under Thermal Cycles and Conditions Exceeding the Traditional NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 Recommendations

On Defending against Calcium Carbonate and Asphaltene Deposits Using Dual-Action Diamond-Like Carbon and Polymer-Like Coatings

Association for Materials Protection and Performance