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The 100 nm Monolithic Ti and TiNx thin films were deposited onto (100) Si wafers using PVD processes. The electrochemical and semi-conductive behavior of these films was studied at room temperature in one of three electrolytes.
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Lightweight structural composites were processed using a melt approach. Microstructural characterization was conducted using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Phase determination was carried out using X-ray diffraction.
Titanium does not show the required mechanical strength for high temperature high pressure applications and it can only be used to form liners for an SCWO apparatus. Therefore, pressure tubes made of alloy 625 were lined with titanium grade 2, Additionally corrosion tests with coupons made of titanium grades 2, 5, 7, 12 and P-C were performed.
This technical report presents the current state of knowledge and gap analyses on corrosion testing of metallic materials produced using additive manufacturing (AM) technologies in environments relevant to several industrial applications. The discussed materials were produced primarily via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), directed energy deposition (DED), and specifically the wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) form of DED. Many variables may not be sufficiently detailed in the rapidly evolving state of the art at the time of publication for the assessment of the performance of AM products; some variables such as microstructure, post-build processing, surface condition, residual stress, physical defects, and selection of representative test specimens (size and/or geometry) for a finished product are addressed. This report contains approaches for corrosion and environmental cracking assessment of AM materials, including test details that are relevant to the AM processes for some specific cases. The technical report provides the foundation for the preparation of test standard(s) that apply to AM products.
As a companion document to MR21525, this Technical Report provides results, review and commentary on many investigations of HSC and includes important literature data, references, background information, service experience and related standards that were utilized in the development of the AMPP MR21525. Most of the information in this Technical Report covers findings from HSC field experience and HSC data from brine/CP exposure tests or from other cathodic charging experiments. It is important to note, in the use of MR21525 and in the review of data contained herein, that HSC can also be induced from hydrogenating environments and conditions other than from just from CP exposure alone. A non-exhaustive list of such conditions is presented later in this Technical Report.
This laboratory corrosion test screening program is specifically aimed at identifying practical, common inorganic salts which, when added to warm dilute HF solutions, provides effective corrosion inhibition for UNS R56404(ASTM Grade 29 Titanium).
Corrosion and wear resistance has always been among the highly important parameters forequipment and piping in oil and gas facilities. The corrosion is considered as the deteriorationof materials as a result of electrochemical reaction with surrounding environment or containedservice. Wear is defined as the removal and deformation of material due to mechanicalinteraction between two or more objects. Increased demand for surface protection and reducedoperative costs touts for protective coatings with improved mechanical, electrochemical, andtribological properties.
Acid stimulation is a growing practice in the deep water subsea environment. Two acids were tested, one of hydrofluoric and acetic acids and another of hydrofluoric, hydrochloric, and acetic acids. Results and outlines recommendations for different alloys are presented.
Results of exposing UNS R56404 forging and pipe product forms to liquid mercury over the 25°-232°C range while highly stressed at & beyond the alloy’s yield point via three loading modes are reported. Included are: sustained load 90 day C-ring tests, slow strain rate tensile testing, and rippled slow strain rate cyclic tensile loading.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT.
This standard is intended for use by those specifying and installing thin metallic linings (nickel alloy, stainless steel, and titanium) in air pollution control and other process equipment subject to corrosive conditions.
This standard practice provides technical and quality assurance guidelines for handling and installing nickel alloy, stainless steel, and titanium linings in air pollution control equipment (e.g., FGD systems, ducts, and stacks). The concepts and guidance included in this standard may also be useful in other process industries, but may require modification to meet the requirements of a particular process. This standard is intended to be a basis for preparation of a specification to be agreed on by contracting parties for the installation of wallpaper lining in air pollution control and other process equipment. It is the responsibility of users of this standard to determine the suitability of specific procedures, metals, and alloys for particular applications.
Industrial usage of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) has grown consistently in recent years, thanks to the improved characteristics imparted to the oxide film in terms of surface adhesion, hardness, crystallinity, uniformity, and corrosion resistance. The metallic substrate is not subjected to elevated temperature and the overall equipment complexity is relatively simple, making the technique a good candidate for surface functionalization. In PEO treatments, high voltages are employed (~ 150-750 V 1) allowing for the formation of an insulating, or at least semiconductive, oxide layer that’s limits ion transport responsible for the initial coating growth. Beyond the spark voltage (prerequisite the enter the PEO regime) oxidation does not occur only as the result of a continuous flow of ions but rather it takes place after the cooling of a plasma discharge.