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Note: This document was originally published with errors in Table B1 , page 26. These identified errors are corrected. Errata sheet is included.
This technical report presents general information on materials commonly used for storing and handling commercial grades of aqueous hydrofluoric acid (AqHF) and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (AHF). Some materials generally avoided are also discussed. This report is intended for end users, designers, and suppliers of equipment for use with AqHF and AHF. These include, among others, workers in process industry plants, engineering and construction designers, and suppliers of equipment such as pumps, valves, and hoses. This information is useful for initial design and for cost estimates of equipment to handle most commercial AqHF and AHF. The report addresses AqHF and AHF purchased to normal commercial quality that do not contain impurities liable to affect their inherent corrosion characteristics. Testing in the service environment typically indicates a material’s suitability for use with AqHF and AHF. This report does not include all materials that might be resistant and is not intended to limit the consideration and testing of other materials.
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The global cost of corrosion is estimated to be US$2.5 trillion, which is equivalent to 3.4% of the global GDP (2013). By using available corrosion control practices, it is estimated that savings of between 15 and 35% of the cost of corrosion could be realized; i.e., between US$375 and $875 billion annually on a global basis. These costs do not include individual safety or environmental consequences which can occur due to near misses, incidents, forced shutdowns (outages), accidents, etc.