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Oilfield waters have a complex composition depending on reservoir rock at different geographical locations that can be carried into the production water1. The alteration in environmental conditions such as pressure, temperature, salt content or pH can cause the liquid to oversaturate and the contained ions to form complexes. These will precipitate out of the solution, deposit and grow on contacting surfaces such as reservoirs, upstream production tubing, sub-surface safety valves, water injection lines to top side refining equipment namely heat exchangers and transport lines 2–4. Scaling can also be induced by incompatible mixing of fluids. For example CaCO3 and /or BaSO4 form through typical mixing of SO4 2- containing sea water with the formation water that carries high concentrations of divalent cations such as Ca2+and Ba2+2. Similarly, sulfide scales form upon mixing with H2S-containing formation water enriched with Fe, Zn or Pb ions 5. ZnS and PbS have been observed to form in presence of only 25 ppm H2S at gulf of Mexico containing 50 ppm Zn and 5 ppm Pb , due to their low solubility constant Ksp 6,7.
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