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In the war on corrosion and wear, maintenance repair engineers will be hard pressed to find a plating material as strong as chrome. It has high hardness, high lubricity, low wear resistance, and maintains some of its hardness even after being exposed to high temperatures. However, there’s increasing pressure to find an alternative to this material due to the worker safety and environmental issues it presents. Regularly, hard chrome is electroplated where it is needed using a plating solution containing chromium trioxide. Chromium trioxide is registered with both REACH(1) and the EPA(2) as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic.
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Rotary shouldered connections are commonly used in the oil and gas industry as the preferred connection method between drill string elements. A wide variety of materials are used in the drillstring make up, each with different properties and galling behavior. Non-magnetic austenitic stainless steel (AuSS) alloys are frequently used in measurement/logging-while-drilling (M/LWD) tools. CrMnN AuSS were commonly used to produce M/LWD tools and have decent galling resistance but are prone to failure due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) during operation.
Electroplating is a commonly used technique in a variety of industries for applying metallic coatings to a surface to enhance corrosion resistance, hardness and wear characteristics, for appearances, antigalling, conductivity, radiation shielding, or a variety of other deposit characteristics. Typical electroplating occurs when the part to be plated is submersed in a tank of plating solution with an anode and electrical current is applied between the two. Using this method, any part of the work piece which does not require plating must be physically masked off with a non-electrically conductive material such as tape in order to keep the plating material from adhering where it is not wanted.