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Heater Treaters are designed for the removal of emulsifies and unwanted salts from crude oil. They purpose is to facilitate the oil and water separation by breaking emulsions by means of increasing the temperature of the oil, reducing its density and viscosity. A heater treater is a 3-phase separator vessel, equipped with fire tubes, that utilizes heat and mechanical separation devices to facilitate the separation of oil-water emulsions.
Precipitation and deposition of wax or asphaltenes is a commonly encountered issue in the oilfield, causing flow restrictions, compromising the integrity and performance of equipment (some safety critical), limiting access during well interventions, causing “fill” in vessels, stabilizing emulsions and sometimes enhancing corrosion due to under-deposit corrosion and increased biofouling. Developing an effective management strategy that minimizes the total cost associated with these threats requires reliable prediction of whether they will occur, their severity and their location within the production system. Such prediction typically combines the use of compositional data and phase behaviour (typically referred to as “PVT data) with Equation of State (EoS) modelling plus the experimental measurement of key parameters specific to each issue.