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Bayesian networks (BN) are useful tools for corrosion modeling. This paper is a case study demonstrating how to perform Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment (ICDA) using BN modeling with limited data. A BN model was developed for ICDA of a 50 km refined oil pipeline. Internal corrosion probability of failure along the pipeline was assessed.
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Assessment of a 70-year old pipeline is carried out. This paper discusses the assessment challenges, inspection findings and recommendations given to keep this old offshore/onshore unpigable giant in service.
Corrosion is defined as the degradation of a material or its properties due to a reaction with the environment and is one of the most common pipeline integrity threats for operators. External corrosion may be visually inspected during excavation; however, due to accessibility, additional non-destructive examination (NDE) methods must be utilized to identify the presence and severity of internal corrosion.
Understanding the chemistry and electrical properties of how corrosion occurs aids in mitigating the presence of corrosion, specifically internal corrosion.
This standard practice outlines a methodology to assess pipeline integrity because of the threat of internal corrosion for onshore and offshore pipelines and other piping systems that normally carry water-saturated or undersaturated natural and/or raw gas with condensed water, or with water and liquid hydrocarbons, termed wet gas internal corrosion direct assessment (WG-ICDA).
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Methodology for applying the internal corrosion direct assessment (ICDA) process for multiphase flow onshore and offshore pipeline systems.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. External corrosion direct assessment (ECDA) data structure enables integration of data and standardized reporting. Allows transfer between different software or computer systems.
Transportation of energy carriers (not only oil & gas, but also hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, heating fluids) and carbon dioxide requires the use of extensive pipeline networks that are usually built in metallic materials which are subject to material degradation. Carbon steel being the most prevalent due to its properties, availability, cost, and references. Carbon steel as well as other metallic materials suffer from corrosion processes.
NACE internal corrosion direct assessment (ICDA) process for normally dry natural gas pipeline systems. A guide for applying the NACE DG-ICDA process on natural gas pipeline systems.