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Hydrocarbon production currently occurs in a variety of onshore and offshore locations. Most offshore production in shallow water (< 500 m) has reached maturity, with most of the more accessible reserves having already been exploited. As a result, exploration and production in offshore environments has been extended to deeper water (> 500 m), which usually incurs more expense and overall project risk for operators and service providers. Production from deepwater oil fields is expected to grow by 40%, to 10 million bpd (10% of total global output), by 2025.
Three platforms in the Santa Ynez Unit (SYU) field in the Santa Barbara Channel, platforms Heritage (HE), Harmony (HA), and Hondo (HO), were installed between 1979 and 1989, approximately 19 km (12 miles) west of Goleta, California in water depths between 259 m (850 ft) to 365 m (1200 ft). These platforms were previously retrofitted with ICCP sleds which were in decline, requiring additional Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) anode output. Therefore, they were all retrofitted with additional ICCP systems in a single campaign to provide a 25-year life extension.