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Hard spot cracking is a type of sulfide stress cracking (SSC), which is a common type of HydrogenEmbrittlement (HE). The embrittlement by SSC is attributed to the hydrogen atoms (H+), as corrosion byproduct, that permeate/diffuse through the metal with the presence of H2S. Then, when hydrogen atoms get entrapped at specific microstructural configurations, material ductility will be impaired and material will be embrittled [2].
The manufacturing and field experience of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel plates produced by Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Process (TMCP) are well defined in industry standards and literature. The TMCP method consists of a well-prescribed rolling pass schedule followed by accelerated cooling that leads to a fine-grain microstructure with the desired mechanical properties of the produced plates.Quite recently, this TMCP process resulted in detrimental local variations with hidden hardness variations on pipe ID, so-called Local hard Zones (LHZ).