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Information from inspection and analysis of electric resistance welded galvanized steel pipe after service in residential water systems has resulted in a compilation of observations concerning the development and severity of corrosion leading to failure.
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In this study, welding trials were performed on 22% Cr duplex stainless steel UNS S32205 corner joints with different wall thickness similar to the top plate and tubesheet plate joint configuration used in a fin fan cooler header box.
Ni–B/AlN (nickel-boron / aluminum nitride) nanocomposite coatings were synthesized through electrodeposition technique and their properties were investigated.
The extension of nuclear reactor lifetimes beyond 40 years requires the qualification of plant components to ensure performance past their initial design requirements. Nickel-based alloys containing chromium (NiCr) are of concern at these extended lifetimes, as these types of alloys form an embrittling precipitate phase. Below a critical temperature—which is above the normal 300-400⁰C reactor operating temperatures—NiCr alloys form a stable, fully coherent MoPt2-typelong-range ordered (LRO) phase with stoichiometry Ni2Cr.
2009 EDITION - HISTORICAL DOCUMENT.
Selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels, corrosion-resistant alloys, and other alloys for service in oil and natural gas production and treatment plants with H2S-containing environments.
HISTORICAL DOWNLOADABLE 2015 EDITION.
Selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels, corrosion-resistant alloys, and other alloys for service in equipment in oil and natural gas production and NG treatment plants in H2S-containing
Note: This document was originally published with errors in Table A.16, page 3-32. These identified errors are corrected. Errata sheet is included.
NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels, corrosion-resistant alloys, and other alloys for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments, whose failure could pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the equipment itself.
Oil and gas production in a CO2 saturated environment is known to lead to corrosion due to dissolved carbonic acid. However, when the conditions are favorable, a protective FeCO3 layer can also form which reduces the material degradation of the underlying steel by up to ten or a hundred times.1 The formation of FeCO3 is possible via the reaction shown in equation 1.
Before coating concrete, you must first know what the substrate is that you are working on. Since all concrete floors are not the same there is no one, size fits all system. In fact, many buildings will have several different types of concrete floors. Add to that the different mix designs, placement techniques and environmental conditions and you end up with a menagerie of concrete floors exhibiting a wide variety of properties.
This paper presents work in follow-up to the previous study. It is focused on UNS1 N07718, UNS N09925, UNS N07725 and UNS N09946. A series of incremental step load tests of compact tensile specimens were conducted to measure the fracture toughness during testing and cracking was monitored by the Electric Crack Growth Monitoring technique. A new engineering technique, referred to as statistical fractography, was used to investigate the fracture surface morphology and extract from it the fracture properties of the alloys.
Application of sour linepipes has expanded toward severe sour environment regions including higher H2S partial pressure conditions. In 2013, actual sour gas pipeline failure occurred due to SSC (Newbury et al., 2018). One of the possible root cause of SSC was assumed to be a formation of hard spots in asurface region of steel. Fairchild et al. investigated and proposed three hard zone formation mechanisms including carbon contamination, dual phase microstructure and heat transfer variation in a recent paper (Fairchild et al., 2019; Newbury et al., 2019).