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Eight breakthroughs in corrosion control or materials engineering in the pulp and paper industry over 80 years were examined. Keys to success in research and implementation. Successful research had focused goals, were well-planned and involved funding and the engineers who implement results.
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Fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) has properties that, if disregarded, can lead to failure during operation. The same properties, if taken advantage of, can provide the user with performance superior to traditional alloy materials. This paper discusses principles in designing process and facilities piping systems with FRP.
Fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP) equipment is fabricated by applying layers to build up the required thickness. Peel is a phenomenon peculiar to FRP equipment since the bonded layers could be peeled back at relatively low loads. This paper will cover peel definitions, peel test methods, and peel strengths.
Composite coatings are a class of materials that are described as fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) that consist of extremely strong tensile fibers saturated in a binding resin. From the original development as tank bottom lining materials designed to handle surface movement and corrosion, the applications for composite coatings have broadened and moved into the mainstream, with industry-accepted design codes written around their uses and applications.
The Oil & Gas industry is showing a growing demand for systems and equipment that allow for quick repair interventions on damaged subsea pipelines. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite wrapping systems have been introduced and accepted as alternative temporary repair systems. Composite wrapping is an efficient repair method and well established for onshore pipelines. It has been successfully extended offshore and, recently, for subsea in shallow water applications with divers. This paper provides a critical overview of the subject technique, including advantages over traditional repair methods, pipe defect applicability, reference standards and specific state-of-the-art technology. Composite wrapping solutions for diver-less and deep-water applications are not yet available on the market. Critical challenges to overcome in order to afford the use of this technology for these applications are outlined. A development project is currently ongoing to achieve a deep-water composite wrapping repair solution with the aim of proposing innovative and cost-effective methods in support of subsea asset Inspection, Maintenance and Repair (IMR).
This paper will review what is required by ASTM D6041 as well as give an overview of a recent program to develop and proof test 290 psi (20 Bar) pipe, fittings, flanges, and laminated joints.
Corrosion of steel reinforcement is the primary cause of premature deterioration of reinforced concrete structures, and affects their functionality and safety.
During the last two decades, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have emerged as promising materials that can be used for reinforcing concrete structures. The non-corroding properties of FRPs, their high tensile strength, and their high stiffness to weight ratio made them very attractive substitute to conventional reinforcing steel.
Rare earth elements (REE) and lithium are metals that are considered critical materials due to their use in electronics, magnets, batteries, and a wide variety of industrial processes important for the economy and military preparedness. Today, these metals are commonly harvested as metal oxide, halide or hydroxide minerals. Fiber reinforced p with even greater design temperatures lastic (FRP) has been used with great success for more than 50 years to build corrosion resistant mineral processing equipment.
Climate change and global warming due to human-generated greenhouse gases are potentially the most prominent issues facing the political and economic world in recent times. “Human activities are estimated to have caused approximately 1.0°C of global warming above pre-industrial levels, with a likely range of 0.8°C to 1.2°C. Global warming is likely to reach 1.5°C between 2030 and 2052 if it continues to increase at the current rate.”
Offshore projects today are demanding ever more reductions in both CapEx and OpEx. Tertiary structural products (eg handrails, gratings, ladders and platforms) made in steel may at first seem to be the lowest cost option, but steel is heavy and eventually suffers from corrosion which can be a significant drain on budgets and resources.The benefits of FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) tertiary structural products for offshore oil and gas projects can be very significant, with substantial weight reduction, lower installation costs and minimal maintenance. But how can these recognized FRP benefits against steel be translated into actual CapEx and OpEx savings when used in oil and gas projects?This aim of this paper is to offer answer to this question, by presenting a study of the projected Whole Life Cost and Value Proposition for the MARRS Offshore FRP Handrail using data drawn from the recent BP Clair Ridge Project.
This paper will present the issues facing long term subsea ageing of Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) materials subsea, the laboratory and real-time test programme undertaken by NOV (National Oilwell Varco) Fiber Glass Systems (FGS) Pipex (still ongoing) and an overview of the results.
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and other polymeric materials are used in many ways to reduce and manage corrosion damage for industrial, infrastructure and municipal applications. It is common practice to use the term “resin” for polymers in these materials. This paper uses polymer interchangeably with resin. This paper will also only consider glass fiber reinforcements.