AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'coupon'

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03544 MICROSCOPIC DIFFERENTIATION OF INTERNAL CORROSION INITIATION MECHANISMS IN NATURAL GAS PIPELINE SYSTEMS

Product Number: 51300-03544-SG

ISBN: 03544 2003 CP

Author: Richard B. Eckert, Henry C. Aldrich, Chris A. Edwards, Bruce A. Cookingham

Publication Date: 2003

$20.00

An analytical approach that can discriminate between various forms of microscopic corrosion initiation has been employed in natural gas gathering and storage facilities. Information provided by the analysis of electron microscope coupons has led toward the better understanding and diagnosis of the initial stages of internal corrosion in natural gas gathering and storage facilities.

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07565 Effect of Mercaptans and Other Organic Sulfur Species on High Temperature Corrosion in Crude and Condensate Distillation Units

Product Number: 51300-07565-SG

ISBN: 07565 2007 CP

Author: J. D. Jong, A. Saunders-Tack, M. Sargent, A. M. Etheridge, W. C. Fort, and N. Dowling

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

The corrosivity of four mercaptans and selected crude oil fractions were measured in lab tests. Conclusion: Mercaptan corrosion can contribute significantly to the total sulfur related corrosion in the temperature range 235–300°C, which agrees with observations of elevated temperature corrosion in refinery distillation equipment.

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51318-11369- Experiments and Mathematical Modeling to Assess the Effect of Cathodic Protection Coupon Geometry and Size on Current Distribution

Product Number: 51318-11369-SG

Author: Xihua S. He / Pavan K. Shukla / Andrew Norquist

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

Experiments and corrosion modeling were conducted - with 10, 50, and 100 cm2 coupons in circular, triangular, and cylindrical shapes - to develop an approach to evaluate optimal cathodic protection (CP) coupon size and shape for monitoring CP in field.

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A Novel Approach to Assessing Stray Current Interference without Potential Interruption

Product Number: 51324-20452-SG

Author: Parker B. Robbins

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

A novel approach is proposed to assess a procedure for testing whether a pipeline may be interfered with from DC stray current. With the rise in popularity of portable coupons in AC mitigation testing, the paper proposes a method to evaluate DC stray current with a portable or stationary coupon without requiring potential interruption on foreign structures. This may allow technicians to conduct additional testing on suspected interference spots without requiring the interruption of a foreign pipeline or structure. This paper outlines and proposes a procedure for determining the likelihood of DC stray current interference utilizing coupons. Additionally, the paper recommends and outlines a proposed study to assess the accuracy of the techniques in the proposed procedure. While DC current cannot typically be measured and quantified for a bare metal holiday on a pipeline, coupons allow for a controlled and measurable connection to a simulated pipeline holiday. The procedure may be utilized to distinguish when suppressed potentials are occurring on a pipeline as a result of DC stray current interference rather than from inadequate current provided by CP system, a foreign voltage gradient, shielding or electrical grounding, even when the source of current is unknown. The procedure may also be beneficial in situations with atypical interring-structures where the existence of the interfering structure is unknown or where the applied voltage of the interfering structure cannot be interrupted traditionally such as with the prevalence of DC current situations occurring from installed or newly repaired direct-buried communication utility cables with weak splices at unknown locations. The procedure may also be utilized as an initial step to determine first steps in a DC stray current interference situation.

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Application of the One Hundred Millivolt Cathodic Polarization Criterion by Means of Coupons: A New Point of View

Product Number: 51324-20929-SG

Author: Ivano Magnifico; Lorenzo Spisni

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the practical application of the One Hundred Millivolt (100 mV) Cathodic Polarization Criterion to assess Cathodic Protection effectiveness by means of coupon on underground pipelines in a Gas Distribution Network. The One Hundred Millivolt Cathodic Polarization Criterion is a widely recognized criterion for assessing the effectiveness of CP systems particularly in those areas where the -850 mV Potential criterion is difficult to respect due to the higher soil resistivity or the network configuration. When using the criterion by evaluating the 100 mV shift by measuring the depolarization after disconnecting the CP current, the instant-off potential to consider as the reference value is often measured too late, thus loosing completely the overvoltage generated by activation polarization that generally disappears in the order of few milliseconds. In this study, a deep investigation on applying the criterion by measuring depolarization on coupons is given, evaluating on real field measurements the effect of the waiting time on taking the reference value from coupon disconnection, as well as the effect of changing in soil resistivity considering different periods of the year.

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Measuring IR-Free Potential: Analysis of the Remaining IR Components in the Off Measurements and Importance of the Design of SRE with Integrated Coupon to Obtain it.

Product Number: 51323-18803-SG

Author: Ivano Magnifico

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

As known, ISO 15589-1 and SP0169 protection criteria refers to IR-Free potentials values to be met by applying cathodic protection to limit corrosion rate and, at the same time, to avoid overprotection: in this respect, according to the type of currents influencing the metallic structure, European standard EN 13509 proposes different measurement techniques for measuring IR Free potential.

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SP0104-2020 The Use of Coupons for Cathodic Protection Monitoring Applications

Product Number: SP0104-2020

ISBN: 1-57590-196-X

Publication Date: 2020

$109.00

Revised in 2020! Cathodic protection (CP) coupons have been used since the 1930s by pioneers of the corrosion control industry, both in North America and in Europe. They have been shown to be a practical tool for determining the level of polarization of a structure and to confirm the IR drop in a potential measurement.

The purpose of this standard is to provide a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a CP system using coupons. It is intended for use by people who design and maintain CP systems for buried or submerged pipelines, underground storage tanks (USTs), on-grade storage tank bottoms, reinforcing steel in concrete, water storage tanks, and various other structures in buried or aqueous environments.

The body of the standard primarily addresses applications for coupons attached to buried pipelines. Appendixes cover the use of coupons for other applications, including USTs, aboveground storage tanks, internal surfaces of water tanks, and reinforced concrete structures.

This revision adds new appendixes on the use of coupons on cased pipelines and the use of coupons to measure alternating current interference data.

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Yeah, Examining the Impact of Overprotection on AC Corrosion: A Case Study Investigation

Product Number: 51324-20877-SG

Author: Ivano Magnifico

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The risk of AC corrosion has always been linked in particular to the parallelisms of underground pipelines with HVAC lines, especially in those geographical areas where the morphology of the territory creates obligatory so-called "technological corridors", and therefore forces the coexistence of different services over long distances. More recently, the greater diffusion of AC-powered railway networks has further increased the AC interfering sources, while the use of more performing coatings on underground pipelines has on the one hand increased their insulation from the surrounding soil, and on the other has increased the risk of overprotection compared to old, less performing, or more degraded coatings. This paper, starting from a real case found in a gas distribution network in a European big city, will present the normative criteria to be used to keep the AC corrosion risk under control, and will highlight how precisely the simultaneous presence of cathodic overprotection may result in an autocatalytic cycle leading to accelerated AC corrosion, in which monitoring becomes essential in order to be able to carry out on time the appropriate corrective actions.

Products tagged with 'coupon'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance