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Remote monitoring of corrosion and cathodic protection using various methods have matured for decades with the onshore pipeline industry. With increasing activity offshore, and the highly corrosive and inaccessible environment taken into consideration, it is only natural that remote monitoring technology will find its way into this field. Offshore structures of steel are protected against corrosion with protective coatings and/or cathodic protection.
We live in a data driven world where technology is constantly evolving and making our lives easier, but even with this progression, industrial facilities are still struggling with the lack of reliable and sufficient data. LoRa has the capability to affordably expand remote sensing technologies in industrial applications, thereby improving operational efficiency, automating processes, and improving safety. With several different types of sensors available, and many more being created every year, LoRa is set to become the industry standard for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
As known, ISO 15589-1 and SP0169 protection criteria refers to IR-Free potentials values to be met by applying cathodic protection to limit corrosion rate and, at the same time, to avoid overprotection: in this respect, according to the type of currents influencing the metallic structure, European standard EN 13509 proposes different measurement techniques for measuring IR Free potential.
Remote monitoring is becoming an increasingly more accepted way of gathering data from test stations. Not only because the value of having continuous data often exceeds that of performing spot-wise measurements in time, but also because the cost of collecting data manually is getting higher. Still, regulations require annual surveys to document the safe operation of pipeline CP systems.
The progress of science and technology, and the large-scale construction of infrastructures, not only bring about challenges to cathodic protection (CP), but also provide new opportunities for CP technologies. Challenges and opportunities promote the development of the CP technologies. In recent years, CP technology has achieved great development particularly in the following four aspects: first, numerical simulation calculation technology of cathodic protection, which has made remarkable achievements in theoretical research and practical application; second, data remote monitoring technology of cathodic protection, which has improved the management level of cathodic protection system by combining wireless transmission system and GPRS network; third, great progress has been made in the aspects of AC and DC stray current corrosion mechanism, evaluation method and elimination technology; fourth, the development of photocathodic protection technology.
Close interval surveys (CIS) and remote monitoring units (RMUs) can be used as complimentary technologies, essential for validating safe operation of a cathodic protection (CP) system. CIS on a pipeline is typically performed once every few years due to the high cost and time commitment of the process, but the benefit is a high spatial resolution of measurements, with typical spacings between reading locations on the metre length-scale. RMUs installed at test posts with a typical spacing of multiple kilometres between units can be used to measure comparable electrical readings year-round without requiring a human to physically travel to each location.
Corrosion is responsible for the deterioration of steel structures over time. Thus, there are billions of dollars lost each year worldwide, due to leakage of materials transported in metallic pipelines, as well as the need for repair and replacement of materials. Cathodic protection is one of the main ways to minimize or even suspend the corrosive process, along with the application of protective coatings on metallic structures.