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This standard is for use by those responsible for the management of marine structures. They will be able to use it to establish the minimum requirements of the Site-Applied Wrap Corrosion Protection Systems they are considering for the protection of the submerged zone and splash zone of shore based marine metallic structures, either at the pointof new construction or during refurbishment or maintenance of existing structures. This standard is not intended to provide the minimum requirements for offshore oil and gas platforms and other similar structures of the offshore oil and gas industry. This standard may be used to provide the minimum requirements for estuarine, paludal, riverine, great lake structures or similar. The Site-Applied Wrap Corrosion Protection Systems in accordance with this standard are considered suitable for further protection by means of cathodic protection.
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This AMPP standard defines standard practices for new carbon steel (CS) pressure vessels to be used in petroleum refining wet hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-containing environments, with the recommended steps for resisting the damage mechanisms listed below. It covers materials, welding, testing, and other fabrication requirements. It is intended to be used by refiners, equipment fabricators, engineering contractors, and construction contractors.
Carbon and low-alloy steels in plate form and their welded products may be susceptible to one or more forms of environmental cracking when exposed to wet H2S service conditions. These include, for example, (1) sulfide stress cracking (SSC) of hard zones and welds; (2) hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) in the parent metal; and (3) stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) in the region adjacent to welds of nominally acceptable hardness. Extensive work has been conducted over many years to understand various fundamental and applied aspects of these phenomena. Experiences in refinery wet H2S operations have directed particular attention to understanding SOHIC and the various metallurgical and environmental parameters that govern its occurrence.
Scope
This standard was prepared to provide a test method for consistent evaluation of pipeline and pressure vessel steels to SOHIC caused by hydrogen absorption from aqueous sulfide corrosion. The test conditions are not designed to simulate any specific service environment. The test is intended to evaluate resistance to SOHIC only, and not to other adverse effects of sour environments such as sulfide stress cracking (SSC), pitting, or mass loss from corrosion.
This standard covers the testing of welds subjected to tensile stresses for resistance to cracking in aqueous environments containing a source of hydrogen charging. Carbon and low alloy steels and their matching welds are commonly tested for EAC resistance at room temperature where susceptibility is typically high. For other types of alloys, the correlation of EAC susceptibility with temperature is more complicated. For example, dissimilar welds of nickel alloy on carbon or low alloy steel have shown susceptibility at low, seabed temperatures (4 °C [39 °F]). Matching welds made on duplex stainless steels have shown similar susceptibility (DNV RP-F112).
This report provides the most current technology and industry practices for the internal in-situ cleaning and coating application in an existing steel pipeline. This report presents general practices and preferences in regard to the cleaning, surface preparation, drying, and the application of a coating in a steel pipeline by the pig (scraper) batching method. It is applicable to onshore or offshore steel pipelines in all industries including the oil and gas gathering, distribution, and transmission industries. It is also applicable to welded steel water and brine handling pipelines.
As a companion document to MR21525, this Technical Report provides results, review and commentary on many investigations of HSC and includes important literature data, references, background information, service experience and related standards that were utilized in the development of the AMPP MR21525. Most of the information in this Technical Report covers findings from HSC field experience and HSC data from brine/CP exposure tests or from other cathodic charging experiments. It is important to note, in the use of MR21525 and in the review of data contained herein, that HSC can also be induced from hydrogenating environments and conditions other than from just from CP exposure alone. A non-exhaustive list of such conditions is presented later in this Technical Report.
International Standard ISO 15156-1:2015 Technical Circular 1. Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials.
International Standard IS) 15156-2:2015 Technical Circular 1. Petroleum and natural gas industries-Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production-Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons.
International Standard ISO 15156-2:2015 Technical Circular 2-Petroleum and natural gas industries-Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production, Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
International Standard ISO 15156-2:2015 Technical Circular 3-Petroleum and natural gas industries-Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production, Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
2009 EDITION - HISTORICAL DOCUMENT.
Selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels, corrosion-resistant alloys, and other alloys for service in oil and natural gas production and treatment plants with H2S-containing environments.
CHINESE TRANSLATION. Selection and qualification of carbon and alloy steels for service in oil and natural gas production & treatment in H2S-containing environments. Multiple downloadable files.