AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Internal Corrosivity Assessment and Ranking of Crude Pipeline

Product Number: 51317--9225-SG

ISBN: 9225 2017 CP

Author: Abdul Razzaq Al-Shamari

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper will discuss the effectivity of ranking the crude pipelines due to their product corrosivity based on certain parameters such as corrosion coupons, cleaning pig deposit sampling analyses, microbial activity and previous ILI records.

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Internal Deposits: A Potential Threat to Pipeline Integrity

Product Number: 51324-21014-SG

Author: Sri Krishna Chimbli

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Recent failure analyses of several modern pipelines in oil service have exhibited pin-hole leaks at the 6 o’clock position. The pits formed on the inside surface from a combination of pitting corrosion and under deposit corrosion. Two case studies involving an 8-inch and a 12-inch OD API 5L Grade X52M pipeline are discussed. The work scope for the pipeline failure analyses included visual examination, metallography, energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS) of corrosion products, X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Vickers hardness and tensile tests to determine the mechanism that led to the perforation(s). The failure analyses results indicated that the pitting corrosion likely occurred from the presence of free water and salts, while under deposit corrosion occurred from a layer of deposits containing paraffin, sand, salts and iron oxides. Pipelines anticipated to have significant accumulation of internal deposits require frequent internal cleaning via pigging and the subsequent use of corrosion inhibitors to improve pipeline integrity.

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Internal ICCP of Offshore Wind Monopile Foundations

Product Number: 51323-19376-SG

Author: Christophe Baete, Aldrich Tyto

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Despite rapid development of electricity generation from wind compared to other renewable power sources in recent years, much greater efforts are still required to achieve the current level of sustained capacity growth to get on track with the Net Zero Emissions (NZE) by 2050 Scenario. One of the main challenges remains around the sustainability and cost reduction efforts for the offshore wind sector, especially related to operation and maintenance (O&M) costs. Monopiles, the most common foundation type in offshore wind farms, just like any other submerged metal structures are susceptible to corrosion, the maintenance of which could be very costly.

Corrosion prevention of the inside of a monopile structure has been challenging until today.

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Internal Installation Pressure Effects on Composite Repairs

Product Number: 51319-12986-SG

Author: Brad Whelan

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Most composite repair installations take place with some amount of pressure in the pipe. The traditional design standards ASME PCC-2 4.1 and ISO 24817 each provide a design equation that includes consideration of installation pressure but the equations up to this point have been theoretical only and never tested. It is important to note that in the equations an increasing installation pressure acts to reduce the required composite repair thickness. This experimental test program studied the effects of internal pipe pressure during installation on composite reinforcement systems to verify if the performance of the repair was maintained when applied to simulated corrosion defects. The full-scale testing analyzed the effects on the burst pressure and the cyclic pressure fatigue life of a pipe with a 50% wall loss simulated corrosion defect. The installation pressures considered were varied from 0 up to 50% SMYS. The results of the test are presented and recommendations given for design use in future works.

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Internal Lining Damage Investigation of 24inch Jet Fuel Pipelines

Product Number: 51317--9061-SG

ISBN: 9061 2017 CP

Author: Mushaid Nauman

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper represents the analysis and investigation of two pack epoxy internal lining damage on two new build 24” fuel hydrant system (FHS) pipelines. A leak in a nearby 36” irrigation line during construction caused water flooding in the open trench containing the FHS pipelines.

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Internal Visual Inspection of Field Girth Welds using Wireless Crawler Robot

Product Number: MPWT19-15001

Author: Ahmed F. Al-Rashidi, Turki F. Al-Shehri, Isa H. Al-Mudaibegh, Dr. Aziz U. Rehman

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

The integrity of new pipeline projects is critical to Saudi Aramco to avoid any short or long-term impact on the supply of energy. During construction activities, pipeline internal welding inspection is carried out in compliance with international and Saudi Aramco requirements. The visual inspection of internally cladded girth welded pipes requires extra care to avoid any improper field fabrication errors during welding, especially at the root pass area. Such errors can limit the inspection capability and compromise the integrity of pipeline network with possible degradation of corrosion resistance at/near the weld rot, resulting in premature failures. Currently, projects utilize conventional tools such as borescope which is time consuming with limited inspection capabilities (up to 150 meters inside the pipe) and system maneuverability at inspection locations.
The Saudi Aramco Inspection Department enhanced their active inspection technology program and collaborated with a local technology developer. They trialed a wireless crawler robot, which is a high resolution remotely operated robot capable of inspecting internal girth welds with 5000 meters travel capability inside the pipes. The robot can inspect internal girth welds in the field, and inside pipelines with internal diameters of 6 inches and above, and wirelessly transmits the visual inspection results to the outside control room for a timely assessment and critical decision making. The internal visual inspection with wireless crawler robot will help in improving the project progress, reducing repair costs, by identifying defective welds before coating application.

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Interpretation and Selection of Direct Examination Locations with Respect to ECDA Methodology

Product Number: 51317--9304-SG

ISBN: 9304 2017 CP

Author: Chukwuma Onuoha

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper presents advances in the interpretation of indirect inspection data and selection of ECDA direct examination locations and how the accurate selection of locations most susceptible to external corrosion would improve pipeline integrity.

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Interpretation of Electrical Codes for Cathodic Protection Installations

Product Number: 51319-13187-SG

Author: Matt Viveiros

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Cathodic protection (CP) systems are often a vital component of integrity management programs for oil sands facilities. The electrical components of these systems must be designed and installed in accordance with regional electrical codes such as the Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) or the National Electrical Code (NEC). The CEC and NEC include limited direction on the electrical requirements for CP systems. This paper examines installations of typical CP components and suggests ways in which the CEC and NEC can be interpreted. It is demonstrated that interpretation of electrical requirements for CP systems can be difficult. To help improve compliance and understanding future revisions of these codes should provide additional guidance for the design and installation of CP systems.

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Interpreting H2S Scavenger Laboratory Test Results Using A Kinetic Model

Product Number: 51322-17844-SGG

Author: Jose Vera

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

H₂S scavengers (SC) are commonly injected into multiphase pipelines transporting oil, water, and gas when the H₂S concentration is relatively low (ppm levels) but higher than the maximum allowable H₂S concentration in systems located downstream, due to integrity, safety or tariff limitations. Under these situations, it is expected that the H₂S scavenger injected in some points of the system (e.g., subsea) be capable of reducing the H₂S concentration before reaching certain parts of the system (e.g., topsides). In this case, the H₂S scavenger should be selected not only based on its capacity, but also on its kinetics at the expected field conditions.

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Interpreting Omic Data for Microbially Influenced Corrosion: Lessons from a Case Study

Product Number: 51317--9445-SG

ISBN: 9445 2017 CP

Author: Craig Bartling

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

In this study, sequencing was performed both with and without 16S rDNA gene amplification. Following bioinformatics testing, the resulting data showed dramatically different results when comparing the 16S sequence data to the shotgun-based sequence data.

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Into the Future: Advanced Thick-Film Spray Applied Liquid Waterproofing Membrane Systems for Bridge Deck Applications

Product Number: 41215-922-SG

Author: Dudley J Primeaux II, Joseph Haydu, Jonathan Haydu

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

It does not take one with too much intelligence to note that our infrastructure is in dire shape. Not only does this include our water & wastewater areas, but our road and bridge systems need substantial help. Deterioration due to environmental issues, water and chemicals that are used which cause for serious corrosion and erosion concerns. Over the years, a variety of methods have been employed to help with these issues, but all have individual characteristics and problems.

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Introducing An Innovative Simultaneous Naphthenic Acid, Sulfidation And Mass Transport Corrosion Model

Product Number: 51321-16755-SG

Author: Abbey Wing; Winston Robbins, PhD; Gerrit Buchheim, P.E.; Frank Sapienza

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance