AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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The (Electron) Path Less Travelled

Product Number: 51219-183-SG

Author: Joe Davis

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Traditional sacrificial protection afforded by zinc rich primer technology relies on the zinc metal acting as its own metallic pathway to transfer electrons to the steel substrate. Understanding this mechanism of corrosion protection versus an enhanced method of electron transfer using a self-assembling nanoscale carbon quantum network will demonstrate to the reader how this new approach to galvanic corrosion protection is more effective, sustainable, and greener for the environment.

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The 1000´S Of Microbial Genera Found In Argentina´S O&G Fields: Their Impact On Microbially Induced Corrosion And Integrity Of Facilities

Product Number: 51321-16754-SG

Author: Walter A. Vargas; Juliana Soler Arango; María Clara Pagliaricci; Albert Saavedra; Walter Morris

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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The 2021 US Gas Gathering Final Rule and the New Challenges to Pipeline Integrity

Product Number: 51324-21233-SG

Author: Bernardo Cuervo

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The 2021 gathering rule changes the definition of a regulated gas gathering pipeline; more than 400,000 additional miles will be covered by Federal reporting requirements. In the past, most gathering lines were built in low-populated areas, with smaller-diameter pipelines, and with lower pressures of operation. They used to pose a lower risk than transmission pipelines. However, with horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques, the volume of gas transported through gathering lines has increased dramatically. As a consequence of larger diameters, higher operating pressures, and several high-profile gas gathering pipeline incidents, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) issued a final rule that expands Federal pipeline safety oversight to all onshore gas gathering pipelines. Today, more and more gas gathering pipeline operators are performing feasibility studies to retrofit their pipelines and make them piggable. The purpose is twofold, to make the pipelines run efficiently and provide critical data regarding the condition of the asset, as in-line inspection (ILI) yields the highest per-mile discovery of anomalies.

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The AA2024/CFRP Galvanic Couple Under A Dynamic Electrolyte Drop

Product Number: 51322-17686-SG

Author: R. Montoya, E. García-Lecina, J.M. Vega-Vega, J. Genesca

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The gap between fully immersed and ultra-thin film electrochemical measurements is wide, which suggests that the two conditions are independent of one another. There is a lot of work describing experiments, results, and trends regarding completely immersed electrochemical tests. However, in corrosion tests under thin electrolyte films, the information is not so abundant. A classical three-electrode cell used in conventional electrochemical tests cannot easily be scaled for immersion in electrolytes of micron thickness.

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The AC Close Interval Survey and Other Common AC Measurement Errors

Product Number: 51317--9455-SG

ISBN: 9455 2017 CP

Author: Wolfgang Fieltsch

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

The measurement of induced AC voltages along a pipeline is a primary indicator of electrical safety hazards and AC corrosion risks under operating powerlines. This paper addresses several fallacies, misconceptions and common errors related to the measurement of these AC induced voltages.

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The Advantages and Challenges of a Direct to Install AC Mitigation Approach: A Case Study

Product Number: 51323-19267-SG

Author: Joe Gallant, Darrell Cornet, Emer Flounders

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

A large diameter, 1067 mm (42 in) and 914 mm (36 in), high pressure gas mainline, and four (4) smaller diameter lateral pipelines, between 406 mm (16 in) and 610 mm (24 in), were constructed in Alberta, Canada, between 1999 and 2000. At the time of construction, the pipelines were built in proximity to several high voltage alternating current (HVAC) transmission lines. In subsequent years, additional transmission lines were built near the pipeline system, bringing the total number of lines with significant proximity to eight (8).

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The Advantages and Disadvantages of Utilizing UHP Robotics for Previously Coated Carbon Steel Storage Tanks

Product Number: 51220-283-SG

Author: Bill Seavy & David C. Hall

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

This paper will discuss both the advantages and disadvantages from a variety of viewpoints of specifically UHP Robotics when used to prepare a previously coated carbon steel storage tank for coatings. Interviews have been conducted with UHP Business Owners/Operators, Painting Contractors, Facility Owner Representatives, Coatings Inspectors and Coatings Manufactures to obtain a broad view of the use of the technology.

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The API RP 14E Erosional Velocity Equation: Origin Application Misuse Limitation and Alternative

Product Number: 51319-13206-SG

Author: Fazlollah Madani Sani

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Erosion of mild steel lines and equipment during the production of hydrocarbons from underground reservoirs is a complex and not fully quantitatively understood phenomenon becoming even more intricate when electrochemical corrosion is included. Oil and gas companies have always tried to account for this phenomenon with simple models. Over the last 40 years the American Petroleum Institute recommended practice 14E (API RP 14E) erosional velocity equation has been used by many operators to estimate safe production velocities in erosive-corrosive service. The widespread use of API RP 14E is a result of it being simple to apply and requiring little in the way of inputs. However there is very little scientific backing for this approach. The API RP 14E erosional velocity equation is often quoted to be overly conservative and to unjustifiably restrict the production rate or overestimate required pipe sizes.The present workprovides a review of literature on the origin of the API RP 14E erosional velocity equation its limitations misuses applications and known alternatives. This review suggests that a proper erosion model would provide a better description for the vast majority of conditions in oil and gas production systems to determine the safe operating velocity while maintaining a maximum production capacity and using cheaper materials or smaller diameter pipelines. However these models are more complex and are therefore not as widely applied. Overall there are currently no simple and readily available alternative formulae for calculating the erosional velocity and resort in many cases is a semi-empirical approach that includes operational experience.Keywords:erosion API RP 14E erosional velocity erosive-corrosive service operational experience

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The Application of Ceramic Coatings to Extend Radiant Tube Life in Process Heaters and Improve Operational Efficiency with Cost Benefit Analysis

Product Number: MPWT19-14438

Author: John Bacon, Johannes Poth and Iain Hall

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Ceramic coatings technologies are an effective surface engineering tool in the management of heat flux on metal surfaces. Thin ceramic coatings can be employed to either increase or decrease heat transfer on metal surfaces by modulation of emissivity. While this characteristic is relatively easily impressed on a surface, long term coating sustainability and oxidation protection of the underlying metal is not readily achieved. This presentation provides a technical data-based introduction to the function, performance, testing, and installation of ceramic coatings on two key pieces of refining equipment.
• Process heaters are critical production assets for the downstream hydrocarbon processing industries such as refineries and petrochemical plants. The efficient operation of these units is vital to plant productivity since they consume large amounts of energy to provide the required heat for the process. They may also bottleneck feed throughout due to heat transfer limits. Scaling and hot spots in the radiant tube section can cause local coking and premature material failure. Improvements in operating efficiency and reliability can yield significant cost benefits and a fast return on investment. Additionally, radiant transfer properties of existing refractory systems can be improved, increasing process efficiencies. Know ceramic performance metrics can be used to predictively model performance improvement. • Flare tips routinely suffer from material overheat, creep and oxidation. Ceramic systems are employed to mitigate these, through the installation of both low emissivity and low conductive heat transfer materials. This paper and case study discusses how different ceramic systems can be used in the management of heat transfer, the protection of surfaces from corrosion, and provide insight into the less intuitive mode by which heat transfer can be promoted.

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The Application of Molecular Microbiological Methods for Early Warning of MIC in Pipelines

Product Number: 51313-02029-SG

ISBN: 02029 2013 CP

Author: Jan Larsen

Publication Date: 2013

$20.00

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The Application of Zinc-Nickel for Corrosion Resistance Applications

Product Number: 51323-19347-SG

Author: Sarah Medeiros

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Electroplating is a coating technique used to apply a metallic deposit to alter the properties of the substrate surface. Traditional electroplating involves submerging a part into a tank of electrolyte plating solution and passing a current between the part and an anode, any area that should not be plated must be masked off. Brush electroplating is a portable method of electroplating localized areas without the use of an immersion tank.

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The Art & Science of Water-Based Intumescent Fireproofing

Product Number: 41207-363-SG

Author: Charles A. Nuzzo

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

Today’s water-based intumescent coatings provide improved fire resistance, allowing architectural exposed structural steel (AESS) to be featured prominently. This article examines the environmental/health benefits of water-based coatings over traditional, solvent-based coatings, and provides recommendations on how to apply these materials in a safe and attractive manner and ensure long-term performance.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance