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The purpose of surface preparation is to get a required adhesion between steel and the coated film. Adhesion is a significant factor for the suitability and life of protective coatings in corrosive surroundings. In the shipbuilding industry, air blasting with round blasting nozzles is common practice for achieving the productivity and proper surface profile. Generally, the round blasting nozzle cannot evenly spread the abrasive material on a steel surface compared with a rectangular nozzle.
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Precipitation hardened (PH) nickel alloys have been broadly used in various applications in the oil and gas industry thanks to its high strengths and outstanding corrosion resistance in several aggressive environments. Alloy 718 (UNS1 N07718), Alloy 925 (UNS N09925), Alloy K-500 (UNS N05500), Alloy 725 (UNS N07725), and others are among the most used PH nickel alloys in the oil and gas industry. Despite of their known high corrosion properties, hydrogen embrittlement is one common failure reported by the industry for this class of alloys.
Offshore is a very corrosive environment with a high corrosion rate. The offshore coating service life is relatively short and extremely expensive to apply maintenance coatings onsite. A new accelerated coating corrosion test method is proposed.
The County of Madison, MS. experienced severe degradation of a major pump station in their system that was less than 10 years old. They contracted with Waggoner Engineering of Jackson, MS. to design a rehabilitation system as well as increase the structural integrity with the addition of some support walls. The project created scheduling issues due to the addition of new concrete structures to the pump station. The use of innovative coatings technologies that offered the ability to apply corrosion resistant linings over green concrete structures, dramatically enhanced the project schedule and reduced overall costs.
Pull-off adhesion behaviors of 15 coating systems in three groups were studied utilizing test method ASTM D4541. Three groups of coating systems included coating systems with organic or inorganic zinc-rich primers, polymeric polyurea coatings, and overcoating systems applied on an existing coating system.
The Brazilian cost of corrosion was estimated at 3% of the GPD in 2018, that percentage is equivalent to approximately $US 49 billion, according to an ABRACO(1) journal released in 2020.1 It is estimated that from this cost $US 19 billion could have been saved through anticorrosive actions. In another research conducted by the EPRI(2) the results showed that at least 22% of corrosion costs could be avoided through adequate mitigating actions.2
In recent decade, the applications of DSS have significantly increased in oil & gas industry, due to their attractive properties compared to austenitic grades with similar corrosion resistance. The DSS products exhibit a better resistance to pitting, stress corrosion cracking and higher mechanical properties compared to other austenitic stainless steel grades. The microstructure of these materials consists of approximately 50% austenite (γ) and 50% ferrite (α) phases, obtained by means of a solution heat treatment.
Research conducted at OakRidge National Laboratories in Oak Ridge, TN, National Research Council Canada, and many other institutions around the world have shown that controlling airflow through the building envelope is more important and effective in reducing heat loss and moisture transport than controlling vapor diffusion.
Within the Wastewater Treatment process the growth of soft fouling materials (algae) create problems such as Total Suspended Solids issues, false BOD readings, clogged pumps, and reduced flow rates through the weirs of clarifiers. Furthermore, dead or dying algae can cause additional odor concerns. This phenomenon has cost municipalities and taxpayer’s untold amounts of money due to the required maintenance dollars spent to correct this problem.
Recent polyurea resin technology advances have allowed for the development of value-added polyurea topcoats that are proving to be valuable alternatives for many polyurethane applications. The development of an SSPC specification for a weatherable polyurea topcoat is discussed for the purpose of providing a standard that will be acceptable throughout our industry.
Recently, the advantages of thick film coatings and linings have led to uses in many different applications in the industrial, commercial and automotive markets. Although this polyurethane and polyurea materials have excellent physical properties, they are based on aromatic chemistry which is susceptible to damage from UV radiation and is not light stable.
This Guide was created as a process in the rail industry to standardize and document equipment used for the preparation, application, and inspection of coatings and linings along with the calibration intervals suggested for each piece of equipment. It also lists equipment that is not used to collect data in a quality control capacity and that would not require calibration.