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51313-02362-Test Environments for Evaluating Corrosion and Sour Cracking Resistance of Carbon and Alloy Steels

Picture for Test Environments for Evaluating Corrosion and Sour Cracking Resistance of Carbon and Alloy Steels
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Product Number: 51313-02362-SG
ISBN: 02362 2013 CP
Author: Rudolf Hausler
Publication Date: 2013
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As production conditions in the oil field become progressively more severe in temperature pressure and acid gas content the experimental evaluation of the corrosion and cracking behavior of the materials used in well completions becomes ever more important. Testing of these materials is typically accomplished in pressure vessels (i.e. autoclaves). Generating field relevant environments in a closed system is not trivial. In a 1998 paper the author formulated an equation of state for closed systems based on ideal gas behavior which was used to determine the amounts of brine and acid gases to be charged into the autoclave in order achieve the desired pressures at the test temperature. This approach based on ideal gas behavior and published gas solubility coefficients worked well for relatively mild conditions.

Since it is not the partial pressures of the acid gases that cause the corrosion and cracking of steel in solution but rather the concentrations of the acid gases in solution and since on the other hand field conditions are characterized only by the partial pressures a relationship must be defined between the partial pressure or more precisely the fugacity of the acid gases and their concentrations in solution. Under mild conditions published solubility data can be used in conjunction with ideal gas behavior. However solubility constants are a function of temperature total pressure and gas composition. This leads to relationships which are not easily handled on a routine basis. More recently commercial software has become available which can easily handle these relationships. This study will highlight the effects of pressure temperature and gas composition on the aqueous acid gas concentration and place this approach in perspective with regards to NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.
 

As production conditions in the oil field become progressively more severe in temperature pressure and acid gas content the experimental evaluation of the corrosion and cracking behavior of the materials used in well completions becomes ever more important. Testing of these materials is typically accomplished in pressure vessels (i.e. autoclaves). Generating field relevant environments in a closed system is not trivial. In a 1998 paper the author formulated an equation of state for closed systems based on ideal gas behavior which was used to determine the amounts of brine and acid gases to be charged into the autoclave in order achieve the desired pressures at the test temperature. This approach based on ideal gas behavior and published gas solubility coefficients worked well for relatively mild conditions.

Since it is not the partial pressures of the acid gases that cause the corrosion and cracking of steel in solution but rather the concentrations of the acid gases in solution and since on the other hand field conditions are characterized only by the partial pressures a relationship must be defined between the partial pressure or more precisely the fugacity of the acid gases and their concentrations in solution. Under mild conditions published solubility data can be used in conjunction with ideal gas behavior. However solubility constants are a function of temperature total pressure and gas composition. This leads to relationships which are not easily handled on a routine basis. More recently commercial software has become available which can easily handle these relationships. This study will highlight the effects of pressure temperature and gas composition on the aqueous acid gas concentration and place this approach in perspective with regards to NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.
 

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