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Organic coatings protect the underlying metallic substrate against corrosion by acting as a barrier to corrosive species such as water, ions, and oxygen. Unfortunately, coatings might contain defects and could degrade or disbond under some environmental conditions, resulting in favorable pathways for such corrosive species.
Barrier protection is one of the modes by which intact coatings provide protection to metal substrates through a reduction of the transport of materials, ions, or charge.
Cathodic protection shielding of pipeline coatings is largely debated among coatings specialists. Under disbonded coating with or without electrolyte renewal, the amount of current passing through is the key of the protection. In this study, the shielding character of field coatings, such as single and dual layers FBE and liquid epoxy was assessed. Different thicknesses were investigated from 350 to 1000 μm. An experimental setup was designed to assess the ability of a disbonded coating to allow the CP currents to protect the steel underneath. Conditions at low and high oxygen contents were considered. This setup aims at reproducing blistering conditions with and without renewal of confined electrolyte. For this purpose, substrate free coating samples were used (membrane type samples). Additional experiments were performed to measure the CP currents passing through similar coatings on steel substrates for 12 months. Finally, a 30 years old FBE disbonded coating, collected from the field and presenting a low shielding behavior, was similarly characterized. The obtained results allow discussing the ability of tested coating (presenting low and high shielding properties) to protect the steel under blistering conditions. Specific soils conditions in terms of resistivity and polarization curves at various moisture level were considered.
Alloy K-500 (UNS N05500) is concomitantly a centurial material and the very first precipitation-strengthened nickel-based alloy, then developed in the 1920s by the newly-formed International Nickel Company, or Inco. Derived from Monel 400 (UNS N04400) that was invented in 1901, Alloy K-500 shares many of the same corrosion and tribological characteristics. Being a pioneer alloy with so-called “stain-less” characteristics, AlloyK-500 also established itself as the first high-strength oilfield nickel alloy, having survived sour service conditions exceeding the capabilities of the low-alloy steels of the time. From early naval propeller shaft applications togeneral cross-industrial uses, Alloy K-500 has always been considered a corrosion-resistant alloy, or CRA. For instance, it has been included in the NACE MR1075 document right from the first 1975 edition.
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Natural gas pipelines are subject to internal corrosion. Internal corrosion of steel pipelines can cause natural gas leakage, leading to wasted energy, explosion hazards, and methane emissions. The U.S. Department of Transport reported numerous case histories of corrosion problems and failures in wet gas pipelines. The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) performed an incident survey from 2010 through 2018 and found that 112 (12%) of these incidents in the U.S. transmission lines were caused by internal corrosion.
During drilling operations, the components in the drill string including the bottom hole assembly (BHA) remains in permanent contact with the drilling fluid. Therefore, besides non-magnetic properties and high strength the corrosion resistance of the materials utilized for the BHA plays a decisive role specially in applications involving harsh environments. In fact, strain-hardened CrMn-austenitic steels commonly used in directional drilling technology show a high susceptibility to pitting corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking in drilling fluids with a high chloride (Cl-) content at elevated temperatures.