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SCC in Fe- and Ni-base alloys has been observed in high temperature water, both in the laboratory tests and in BWRs. SCC results from complex interactions of ~10 primary variables and hundreds of secondary variables, broadly categorized in terms of stress, environment and microstructure.
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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation and growth rate testing was performed using Alloy A-286, a high-strength iron-base alloy, to evaluate for possible differences in response in boric acid solutions containing KOH vs. LiOH. PWRs are considering a switch from LiOH to KOH because of the uncertain future availability and high cost of Li. To achieve the same pH at temperature (pHT) in typical PWR primary water, the same molar concentration of Li and K is needed. The atomic weight of K is 39.1, which is 5.63 higher than the atomic weight of Li at 6.94, so 1 ppm Li yields the same pHT as 5.63 ppm K. The conductivity differs somewhat because of difference in the mobility of Li+ and K+.
There is extensive evidence from laboratory data and plant experience of the SCC susceptibility of Alloy 82 weld metal in both BWR and PWR environments. Two international expert panels evaluated laboratory data under PWR conditions and created disposition curves to address the effects of stress intensity factor (K), temperature, and other factors. Another expert panel is creating a dispositioncurve under BWR conditions for K, temperature, corrosion potential, impurities, and other factors. Nickel alloy weld metals at lower Cr levels (~15% Cr for Alloy 182 and ~20% Cr for Alloy 82) are more susceptible to SCC than weld metals of higher Cr content (~30% Cr for Alloy 52/152). This paper focuses on on-thefly effects on SCC growth rate of Alloy 82 weld metal in BWR environments of corrosion potential, waterpurity and temperature.