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The perforated polymer-lined pipeline (PLP) is a rigid carbon steel pipeline with internal polymer liner for internal corrosion prevention. The liner is perforated to prevent liner collapse during depressurization. Although the perforations expose the carbon steel to the corrosion fluids within the bore of the pipeline, extensive small-scale and full-scale tests have demonstrated that corrosion at the bottom of each perforation is much less than the corrosion in an un-lined carbon steel pipeline. Based on experience gained on the evaluation and modelling of corrosion in the highly confined environments of flexible pipelines, we have developed a corrosion model to simulate carbon steel corrosion rates corresponding to the perforated PLP system geometry. Predictions from this model could help evaluate corrosion risks at and within perforated liner / steel interfaces. This paper presents an overview of the model and compares its predictions against a variety of experimental data that reproduce the conditions, the geometry, or both, found at the bottom of a PLP perforation. This 1D model considers diffusion and chemical reactions inside an inert hole and incorporates non-ideal thermodynamics (i.e., gas fugacity effects) to describe the aqueous solution chemistry. Electrochemical corrosion equations are compared with experimental data to support validation. This model could serve as a useful tool that complements qualification testing and help validate the PLP technology for a variety of field applications.
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The complex of jacket structures and flowlines subject to retrofitting consists of 5 jacket structures and 8 subsea flowlines. The arrangement of assets and dimensions used in this work is designed to mimic the challenges posed by real complex scenarios. The complex has three central structures bridge linked (J1, J2 and J3) and two distant structures (J4 and J5) connected to J1 through underwater flowlines.