AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'creep'

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Boiler And Fired Heater's Real-Time Creep Life Prediction

Product Number: 51323-19571-SG

Author: Ts. Hashim Othman, Ir. Ts. Hambali Chik, Nurul Hana Kamaruzaman

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Creep is a continuous degradation of metal under applied stress at high temperature with critical factors of temperature, stress, type of material and exposure time. Most of our steam boilers and fired heaters tubes are operating within or sometimes operated slightly above the creep threshold temperature with an inherent potential risk of stress rupture if not being monitored properly. Traditionally, degradation rates (i.e., creep damage) of these components can only be assessed during shutdown through non-destructive testing (NDT) to determine the metallurgical conditions upon exposure to elevated temperatures.

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Field Metallography and Replication on Liquefied Natural Gas Assets: Non-Destructive Metallurgical Testing to complement other regular Non-Destructive Tests

Product Number: 51320-15140-SG

Author: Anil Kumar Chikkam, Mehrooz Zamanzadeh, Sunil Kumar Pulagam, Ganesh P, Dhandabani, Bangaru Murali, Jeevanandam Shanmugam

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

During plant shutdown maintenance, some components cannot be removed out of service immediately for metallurgical examination due to high cost involved and loss of production hours. The best alternative is to replicate the lab based metallography work under the field conditions. Field Metallography and Replication (FMR) also known as in-situ metallography is a powerful non-destructive test (NDT) tool used to examine the microstructure of the component when it is still in service. Moreover, FMR is also used to study the microstructural alterations for the fitness for service assessment.

This paper provides case studies of materials in Natural Gas Processing facility where FMR was used as an NDT tool without sectioning the component. This paper discusses the damage mechanisms such as sigma phase embrittlement, stress relaxation cracking and creep.

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Fitness For Purpose Evaluation Of Hydrogen Production Unit Centrifugally Cast Tubes: “Post Exposure” Metallographic And Mechanical Test

Product Number: 51321-16609-SG

Author: Marco De Marco/ Marco Palombo/ Gianluigi Cosso

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Formulated Didecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Bicarbonate/Carbonate (DDABC), a Multi- Metal Corrosion Inhibitor with Relevance to Commercial Surface Preparation and Coatings Technologies

Product Number: 41207-306-SG

Author: Thomas C. Bedard, T. David Burleigh, Joseph Kimler

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

A new water-soluble quaternary ammonium compound, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate/carbonate (DDABC), has been evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor via standard electrochemical tests on steel and shown to be highly effective. At the proper dilution, the inhibitor migrates to the metal/solution interface and forms a monomolecular film on the anodic sites.

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Grain Size Effect on the Creep Resistance of Alloy 800HT Pigtails

Product Number: 51324-20906-SG

Author: Jack Taylor; Victoria Hamlin; Justin Dansbury

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Advanced creep degradation was discovered in steam methane reformer (SMR) outlet pigtails during planned maintenance. The outlet pigtails were fabricated from alloy 800HT (ASTM B407 UNS N08811) which had operated within design pressure and temperature for approximately six (6) years. It is industry knowledge that there have been instances of wrought alloy 800H/HT suppliers not complying with the applicable grain size requirements of ASTM B407. Additionally, a few SMR operators use supplemental grain size requirements that are more conservative than ASTM B407. This paper will document the extent of the damage, root cause, repair, and a recommendation to API TR 942-A.

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High Temperature Corrosion Resistance Of Alloy N07740 In Solar And Low Emission Ultrasupercritical Power Generation

Product Number: 51322-17945-SG

Author: Stephen McCoy, John deBarbadillo, Brian Baker, Mark Anderson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In recent years, solar energy technology has received particular emphasis in the interest of reducing CO₂ emissions. Concentrated solar power (CSP) technology received an initial boost from the installation of nine parabolic trough-based electricity-generating systems totaling 354 megawatts of capacity in the 1980’s. Solar One, operational in 1982 and supported by the DOE and an industrial consortium, illustrate utilization of a circulating heat transfer fluid to produce steam to drive a turbine generating electricity. Solar Two in 1996 demonstrated energy storage so that solar power could be generated during the night.¹ In the ensuing decades, additional capacity has increasingly been installed worldwide, comprised primarily of both parabolic trough and central tower CSP technologies, As of 2019, global installed capacity totaled 6.2 GW, with an additional 21 GWh planned of installed thermal energy storage (TES) comprised primarily of molten salts.

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Outdoor Performance of One-Coat Systems Applicable to New Steel Bridges

Product Number: 41210-545-SG

Author: Yuan Yao, Seung-Kyoung Lee, Bob Kogler

Publication Date: 2010

$20.00

A two-year FHWA one-coat study was launched in November 2006 to evaluate various commercially available coating materials that can be applied as one-coat systems to new steel bridges. Seven one-coat systems, a 3-coat and a 2-coat control were selected and tested in three outdoor environments.

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Probabilistic Techniques in Corrosion Modelling and Remnant Life Prediction

Product Number: 51324-20902-SG

Author: Navin S; Nicholas Laycock; Wouter Hamer; Valliappan V; Aswin Venugopal

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The Virtual Corrosion Engineer (VCE)(1) platform in Shell uses data from online monitoring of industrial plant process conditions as the input to the best available models for the damage mechanisms applicable to the equipment or components of interest. The primary output is then the corrosion rate or susceptibility to failure, displayed on a continuously updated dashboard in real time. However, for furnaces or heat exchangers with hundreds or thousands of tubes, most components of the input data are properly considered as distributions rather than single point value estimates, and hence the remnant life of the tubes is also best represented as a distribution. This paper shows how Monte-Carlo simulation techniques can be used to address this problem and improve the quality of decision making, using practical examples related to creep damage of furnace tubes in service.

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Reformer Pigtail Degradation Over 49 Years’ Service: A Case Study

Product Number: MECC23-20234-SG

Author: Ratnakar Kadikar, Abdulrahman Alrumaidh

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In Jan 2023, during reformer shutdown; one of the reformer inspections revealed cracks at hot collector and pigtail. Most of the cracks were on the surface and some of the cracks were through. Pigtail sample was removed, and it was taken for failure investigation to confirm the failure root cause.

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Remaining Life Assessment of 9Cr-1Mo Steel Radiant Heater Tube in Continuous Catalytic Reforming Unit

Product Number: 51324-21147-SG

Author: Sudharsanan Soundararajan

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The radiant tubes in fired heaters operating in the creep range are designed as per API 530. The typical creep design life of the heater tubes is 100,000hours. Tube sample from this 1st Inter-heater was removed after 166,500hours of operation with the process gas outlet temperature of 550oC (1022oF). The tube skin temperature was observed in the range of 600-630oC. Scale characterization using SEM/EDS, Hot and ambient tensile testing, Hardness measurement, Accelerated Creep rupture testing and creep testing was carried out as part of the assessment. This paper explains the methodology adopted for remaining life assessment and compares the results from Larson-Miller Parameter method (LMP) & MPC Omega method. The remaining life evaluation was carried out as per API 579-1/ASME FFS-1. The Creep ductility factor ?cdO and Scatter band factor ?srO was adjusted to match the Omega (?) parameter and initial strain rate (eo) derived from the creep test. As part of the metallurgical analysis damage due to carburization and metal dusting was also evaluated.

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Role of Material Condition on Precursor Corrosion Damage and Stress Corrosion Crack Initiation Behavior of Alloy 600 in PWR Primary Water

Product Number: 51320-14536-SG

Author: Ziqing Zhai, Mychailo Toloczko, Stephen Bruemmer

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Stress corrosion crack (SCC) initiation testing has been performed on a 15% cold-worked UNS N06600 (Alloy 600) heat in mill-annealed (MA), solution annealed (SA), and thermally treated (TT) conditions to assess the role of grain boundary (GB) carbides on stress-assisted intergranular attack (IGA) and short crack nucleation and growth. The SCC initiation tests were conducted at a constant load equivalent to the materials’ yield stress in 360oC simulated pressurized water reactor primary water. Results revealed the highest SCC initiation susceptibility occurred in the Alloy 600 MA material, followed by the TT and SA materials, suggesting that GB carbide distribution did not have a controlling effect on SCC initiation resistance. Quantitative assessments of IGA and short cracks were conducted to help understand this phenomenon, and the role of GB carbides in precursor damage development that leads to differences in macroscopic SCC initiation behavior are discussed.

Products tagged with 'creep'

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