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In oil and gas industries the material surface of pipelines, tools, and equipment is exposed to many harsh operational conditions- one of which is the repetitive impingement of contaminated solid particles when encountering a mixture of gas and sand or liquid solids-laden slurries. In addition to maintenance and material expenses, mass loss of materials due to erosion results in unstable production rates. Hence, predicting the erosion provides the ability to optimize the design and qualify it for operation in an erosive environment for the required operational life.
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Failure analysis methodology is applied to the principal mechanisms by which boiler tubes fail during service. sThe failure analysis procedure, or methodology for evaluation, is provided in a step by step approach. Among the case histories discussed are: fatigue, erosion, short-term overheating, and hydrogen damage.
In the past the detrimental effects of pure erosion CO2 corrosion (sweet corrosion) and chloride corrosion and the combined effects of erosion-corrosion. This study introduces a new test facility and testing procedure that allows all three components to be measured simultaneously using a variety of testing techniques.
This paper discusses the implementation of an on-line remote ultrasonic (UT) system at a SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage) facility located within the Athabasca oil sands reserves in Northern Alberta.
The objective of this study is to develop predictive wear model for dense slurry flow to narrow the gap left by extrapolation from models meant for more dilute sand conditions.
Erosion is one of the major threats of the pipeline integrity1 when it’s transporting liquid hydrocarbon products with solid particles. The erosion process decreases the effective wall thickness and therefore reduces the capacity of the pipeline to contain the pressured product. This can induce serious consequences including property, health and safety, environment, and business costs.
Over the past several years, the Bureau of Reclamation’s Materials Engineering Research Laboratory has been developing and refining a test method to evaluate a coating’s resistance to erosion damage in sediment-laden immersion exposure. This test has initially been utilized as a screening/ranking method in selection of new coatings for the aforementioned severe service environments.
This paper describes the range of copper alloys in marine service today and the evolution of applications which include ships' cannon and hull sheathing in 18th and 19th century and condenser and seawater piping requirements which spurred concentrated investigations in the 20th century.
Components utilized in oil field operations are often exposed to harsh environments. Corrosion and wear of components and piping can be considered one of the main causes of failure. These components are exposed to high flow rates, high pressures, and other environmental conditions.
The oil and gas industry have constantly been striving to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Advanced materials and their enhancement were one of the strategies to achieving the aforementioned goals. These materials are specifically designed to withstand harsh corrosive conditions and sustain production capability over an extended period of time. There’s a number of ways to enhance material integrity of sweet gas wells, including using CRAs, chemical treatment, monitoring wellbore environment and properly maintaining wellbore components.