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Dependencies of the possibility of pitting on temperature and the chloride and sulfate contents of the environment were determined for stainless steels UNS S31726 and UNS S31254 using laboratory experiments with a strongly oxidizing chlorine dioxide environment.
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To examine the effect of Tungsten (W) on localized corrosion of 2 superduplex stainless steels (SDSS)- high & low-W. Both plain samples (pitting corrosion) and samples with artificial crevices (crevice corrosion) were exposed. Tests in 3.50-wt% NaCl solution or natural seawater. T= 30 to 90°C.
A study of the corrosion resistance of multiple high Nitrogen, high Manganese austenitic stainless steels is presented, focusing on a newly developed alloy with increased pitting resistance. The alloys vary principally by the amount of Molybdenum, Nickel, Manganese, Chromium and Nitrogen.
The effect of W on the precipitation kinetics of three 25Cr SDSS grades was quantified in Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) diagrams. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), and Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were used.
This study reviews the localized corrosion performance of corrosion-resistant alloys and high-temperatures alloys containing varying amount of Cr, Mo and W, using both quantitative and surface characterization techniques.
Electrochemical testing and in-situ microscopy using a mini-autoclave has been used to determine the precursor sites for pitting corrosion of UNS N07718 at high temperatures in chloride containing environments.
Wastewater coming from both municipal and industrial activities present corrosive properties toward metals and can in certain cases exceed the tolerances of the most often used stainless steels such as 304L and 316L, thus resulting in the need of superior alloys. The main factors influencing the corrosiveness of the fluids in wastewater treatment plants are high concentration of halides (more specifically chlorides), H2S, low pH, temperature and their combined action. Corrosiveness of incoming fluids at a municipal wastewater treatment finds its roots in the municipal collection network.
This paper describes lack-of-fusion-like flaws, which can be formed at weld toes, particularly in pipe butt welds in duplex grades of stainless steel. Some adverse microstructural and geometrical effects associated with those flaws are characterized on actual joints.
Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems are frequently used at power plants to remove SO2 from coal combustion. In systems where limestone is utilized, calcium sulfate from the resulting slurry can be concentrated into a valuable byproduct. However, the concentrated slurry containing chloride poses increased localized corrosion risk to the materials of construction in contact with exhaust/combustion stream. Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization (CPP) and Critical Crevice Temperature (CCT) present electrochemical methodologies which can be used to assess the relative risk of different conditions in the laboratory. However, the results of these techniques can be dependent on the details of the experimental protocol. In this study, the effect of slurry preparation, potential scan rate, alloy conditioning time, and slurry acidity were examined. A conservative test protocol was developed based on the outcomes of the effects considered, and the critical chloride concentration of Alloy UNS S32205 was determined, enabling optimization of FGD operating conditions.
In the present study, corrosion behavior of base metal (BM), all-weld-metal (AWM) and heat-affected-zone (HAZ) samples of C-276 (UNS N10276), C-22 (UNS N06022) and C-2000 (UNS N06200) alloys were evaluated in concentrated hydrochloric (HCl), sulfuric (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3).