AMPP Store - Online Conference Paper

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Thermal Spray Duplex Case Study: Coating An In-Service Bridge

Product Number: 51324-20749-SG

Author: Bernardo Duran; Wade Campbell

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This presentation discusses the preparation and coating of an in-service (in field) bridge that serves as a main thoroughfare in a small town. The coating consisted of thermal spray zinc with a top-coating, also known as a duplex system. The department of transportation (DOT) and bridge owner selected this coating system for corrosion protection and aesthetics. Special focus will be placed on the methods and techniques the contractor used to prepare the substrate steel, including removal of iron oxides and pack rust. Next, the presentation will cover the thermal spray zinc process, and then finally the topcoat. In addition to meeting the requirements for corrosion protection, the bridge coating also met the budget requirements allotted for the project.

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Thermo-Hygro-Mechanical Modeling Of ASR-Induced Degradation In A Reinforced Concrete Nuclear Containment Vessel

Product Number: ED22-18345-SG

Author: Amit Jain, Benjamin W. Spencer, Sudipta Biswas

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) induced damage is one of the main causes of degradation in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, especially in the high relative humidity environmental conditions. ASR involves complex dissolution-precipitation reactions in concrete that take place in the presence of alkali ions, silica, and moisture. Alkali ions diffuse into the porous aggregate through the concrete pore solution and start
the dissolution of silica by breaking silanol and siloxane bonds in the reactive aggregates.

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Thinning Of Inlet Piping To Reactor Effluent Air Condenser [REAC] Of Gas Oil Hydrotreating Unit - Case Study

Product Number: 51322-18007-SG

Author: Sudharsanan Soundararajan

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Gas Oil Hydrotreating Unit uses a catalytic hydrotreating process employing a selective catalyst and a hydrogen-rich gas stream to decompose organic sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen compounds contained in the feed. The products of these reactions are the contaminant free hydrocarbon, along with H₂S and NH₃. Other Treating reactions include halide removal and aromatic saturation. Reactor effluent is cooled in series of Combined Feed Exchangers followed by REAC for product separation. The reactor effluent system is prone for corrosion and fouling due to salting of NH₄HS and NH₄Cl. Most of the failure analysis studies and literature available in public domain regarding reactor effluent corrosion deals with the corrosion in the REAC and its outlet piping.

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Third Generation Polysiloxane Coatings For Elevated Temperature; Field Performance

Product Number: 51322-18044-SG

Author: James Reynolds, Peter Bock

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) is a well-known industrial problem that has been plaguing asset owners for decades. CUI presents one of the costliest corrosion factors for Oil and Gas, petrochemical and general processing industries and can result in unplanned shutdowns, maintenance, repairs or even explosions while in service. Due to the risk factors present, many methods to prevent CUI have been adopted, trying to find best practices to minimize the risk of potentially catastrophic events caused by CUI.

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Third Generation Polysiloxane CUI Coatings And Sprayable Insulation For Hot, Cold And Cyclic Service; Lab Testing And Five Years Of Field Experience

Product Number: 51321-16759-SG

Author: James Reynolds; Peter Bock

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Threshold Sand Rates Detected by Acoustic Sand Monitors in Multiphase Flow Production

Product Number: 51323-19100-SG

Author: Asad Nadeem, Ronald E. Vieira, Siamack A. Shirazi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In the oil and gas industry sand production is a major cause of erosion which can badly affect production rates because of damage to surface and subsurface facilities and equipment such as pumps, valves, elbows and pipelines. In past few years, research work on sand production has been conducted in different ways including erosion prediction, and control and sand monitoring to prevent sand production and its damages to facilities. The continuous monitoring of sand in the flow stream is extremely useful to minimize erosion damage to the production facilities.

$Picture for Time of Flight Diffraction and Modal Analysis of a Butt-welded Pipe$

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Time of Flight Diffraction and Modal Analysis of a Butt-welded Pipe

Product Number: MPWT19-14295

Author: Azeez Oladipupo Bakare, Ibrahim Momohjimoh, Sami M. Ibn Shamsah

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Pipeline and piping have been widely used for decades in the transportation of enormous kinds
of fluids in diverse industries (e.g. oil and gas, chemical and power industries). During the
construction phase of these pipelines, different sizes of pipes (ranging from 2" to 48" or more),
elbows and piping are welded to meet the required design criteria and mechanical properties.
With these in mind, a lot of factors must meticulously be considered to ensure that the finished
weld is suitable for use in all ramifications. This is done in accordance to set down codes and
standards to avoid the possibility of failure. Even though there has been destructive analysis
carried out on the welded joint to ascertain the required minimum mechanical properties, however
scanty numerical and non-destructive analyses are usually performed in line with the established
standards. Therefore, this paper focused on the numerical (modal analysis using ANSYS R15.0
explicit dynamic modeler) and non-destructive (TOFD: time of flight diffraction) analysis on a 4”
butt welded pipe.
The result from the numerical analysis clearly showed the effects of the discontinuities on the
welded joint where discontinuities exist as equally confirmed by the non-destructive inspection.
These parts exhibited higher stress concentration as compared to other parts that do not have
any form of discontinuities and this relates to the fact that the presence of these discontinuities
will accelerate the failure of the welded joint even though the applied stress at those points is
much lower than the yield strength of the material.

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Top of Line Corrosion in Multiphase Gas Line Operational Feedbacks

Product Number: 51323-19486-SG

Author: Suryani, Rudi Rinaldi, Albertino Prabowo, Farih Mitraningsih, Aji Samiaji

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The first case of top of line corrosion (TLC) in Tunu gas field was reported by Gunaltun et al in 19991. Inline
inspection (ILI) of two carbon steel pipelines distributing multiphase effluent, showed up to 50% metal
loss at 11.00 – 01.00 o’clock at several sections. Visual examination of a cut section showed that the top
of line was covered with iron carbonate layer with deep pits, and severe metal loss occurred on large
surfaces at these area.

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Top of the Line Corrosion Mechanism for Multiphase Sour Gas Subsea Pipeline

Product Number: 51323-18782-SG

Author: Faisal M. Al-Abbas, Marwan S Alsulami, Hadi F Al-Mansour Ayman A. Alabdullatif, Fadhel H. Asfoor, Mohammed M. Al Zamanan

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The hydrocarbon exploration in the ocean and deep sea was started as early as early as the 1850s, when the first drilling was carried out in California, USA. Other early oil explorations activities were later recorded in Pakistan (1886), Peru (1869), India (1890) and Dutch East Indies (1893). The development of an offshore industry is directly related to the development of subsea pipelines as well. As the industry expands towards deeper waters, the pipelines are required to have better materials, designs, operation practices and maintenance strategies to withstand the challenging environments. These pipelines are exposed to elevated temperatures, high pressures, and corrosive fluids.

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Toward a Preliminary Mechanistic Understanding of Co-Evaporation and Co-Condensation of Top-of-the-Line Corrosion Inhibitors

Product Number: 51324-20605-SG

Author: Wei Zhang; David Orta; Ian Gilbert; Alyn Jenkins

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The mass transfer of continuously injected corrosion inhibitor (a complex organic mixture) for top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) mitigation has been the subject of multiple research topics. These include the evaluation of the initial atomization of the inhibitor and the partitioning characteristics between the liquid and gas phases, as well as the effective performance of inhibitors at various distances from the injection point. However, current TLC modeling programs do not account for these effects, and a significant gap currently exists between the requirements of TLC inhibitors and accurate TLC modeling with corrosion inhibitors. To build a foundation for a mechanistic understanding of the mass transfer of TLC inhibitors, this paper reviews the recent progress in the study of the co-evaporation and co-condensation of organic mixtures with surfactants. During the evaporation and condensation process, a new phase is created. This paper discusses the use of surface tension as a promising new TLC inhibitor evaluation criterion, in addition to overall volatility, to improve TLC models.

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Toward Objective Evaluation Of FRP Corrosion Barrier Condition

Product Number: 51322-17669-SG

Author: Geoff Clarkson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and other polymeric materials are used in many ways to reduce and manage corrosion damage for industrial, infrastructure and municipal applications. It is common practice to use the term “resin” for polymers in these materials. This paper uses polymer interchangeably with resin. This paper will also only consider glass fiber reinforcements.

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Towards Automated Development and Evaluation of Optimal Corrosion Inhibitor Products

Product Number: 51323-18783-SG

Author: Hector Klie, Arturo Klie, Ana Ferrer, Yolanda De-Abreu

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In most engineering and scientific applications, machine learning (ML) or artificial intelligence (AI) methods in general, are primarily oriented to design a statistical/heuristic procedure to predict the outcome of a system under new conditions. This mechanism aims at exploring non-evident correlations between inputs and outputs that are embedded in the data. However, a large body of this effort relies on black-box function approximations (e.g., neural networks) that have shown limitations to elucidate additional insights from the underlying physical process that generated the data. Thus, this type of knowledge is generated in a data-driven manner without fully explaining the physics governing the problem.

Online Conference Paper

Association for Materials Protection and Performance