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Corrosion of metallic structures is a ubiquitous problem in industries such as power generation, oil and gas, pulp and paper, metals processing etc. which also results in significant financial losses. According to the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) International report, the global cost of corrosion was ~ 2.5 trillion USD in 2013 - close to 3.4 percent GDP of the entire world. The use of corrosion inhibitors is one of the most effective and economical ways to mitigate corrosion of metal and alloy components. Corrosion inhibitors are substances that are added in small quantities in corrosive media to protect metal and alloy components from corrosion.
Corrosion inhibitors are useful to mitigate corrosion of metal/alloy components. However, traditional corrosion inhibitors are toxic and need to be replaced by greener alternatives. Efficient screening models are required to find molecules with desired properties from millions of molecules available in public domain. To make these models, database of experimental inhibition efficiency of molecules is essential. In this work, we have developed a computational framework to accelerate the discovery of new corrosion inhibitors. We have used machine learning based algorithms to predict corrosion inhibition efficiency of organic molecules for steel in hydrochloric acid by using structural information of the molecules along with experimental conditions. Our multitask learning based neural network architecture was able to outperform traditional machine learning algorithms such as random forest, lasso and ridge regression. We have also created the largest dataset for predictive modelling of corrosion inhibitors for steel. Besides, we have also used the model to screen molecules from the ZINC15 dataset and found potential inhibitors with high inhibition efficiency.
Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) technology is a widely accepted inspection method now covered by several industry standards such as ISO(1) 20669, API(2) RP 583, and the new ASME(3) Section V (BPVC for Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code), article 21. PEC is a versatile inspection technology which provides an average remaining wall thickness through insulation and coatings. The technique can also be used to safely assess the minimum remaining ligament under corrosion scabs or blisters without surface preparation. PEC is resilient to liftoff variations and provides volumetric measurements of remaining material. It is capable of both detecting and assessing general corrosion on the outer surface of the pipes such as scabs and blisters, and detecting erosion or Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) on the inner surface.
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The alloys used as clad material for this study are members of the so-called “C-family”. It consists of Ni-Cr-Mo alloys, which are known for combining the corrosion resistance of Ni-Cr alloys in oxidizing media with corrosion resistance of Ni-Mo alloys in reducing media. As a result, these materials have proven to be extremely durable in a wide range of highly aggressive media. The development of these materials started in the 1930s with Alloy C. This alloy showed remarkable corrosion resistance in a wide spread of media, low sensitivity for pitting or crevice corrosion and virtual immunity to chloride induced stress corrosion cracking.
Steel rebars in concrete structures are usually protected from corrosion by a thin layer of passive film, which is formed due to the high alkalinity of concrete pore solution.1-2 However, this protective passive film could be damaged by penetration of chloride into concrete structures in marine environments or exposure to the use of de-icing salt for the removal of snow and ice in winter times.3 Penetration of chloride would impair the passive film locally and initiate pitting corrosion.