AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Study on Effect of Buffer Capacity on Corrosion Performance of CRAs in Simulated Well Condition

Product Number: 51317--9283-SG

ISBN: 9283 2017 CP

Author: Masayuki Sagara

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Methodology to simulate actual oil and gas field condition in laboratory tests. A sulfide stress cracking test is carried out on 13% Cr stainless steel with various buffer solutions. Then, pH behavior was estimated. A suitable composition of the solution is proposed by using thermodynamic calculations.

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Study on Effect of Phosphate Species on Green Rust Transformation in Steel in Marine Environment

Product Number: 51300-11403-SG

Author: Gadadhar Sahoo, Shun Fujieda, Kozo Shinoda and Shigeru Suzuki

Publication Date: 2011

$20.00

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Study On Elemental Sulfur Formation From Black Powder Deposits

Product Number: 51322-17678-SG

Author: Yousef Khuraibut

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Black Powder is a phenomenon that all oil and gas companies are facing and presenting a variety of problems in associated processing equipment and pipelines, such as flow inefficiency, product contamination, wear, plugging and under deposit corrosion, among others. Another major concern is the possible formation of elemental Sulfur (S8), which could be produced as a by-product of oxidation of iron sulfides. It also can be produced from H₂S dissociation at elevated temperatures or by microbiological reactions, involving the reduction of sulfate.

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Study On Ferrite Measurement Methods For Duplex Stainless Steel, Part 2: Focus On Measurement By Ferrite Scope

Product Number: 51321-16772-SG

Author: Nozomi Satake; Mikihiro Sakata

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Study on Glycol Reboiler and Surge Vessel Corrosion in Glycol Regeneration Unit

Product Number: 51319-13289-SG

Author: Ali Akrouf

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Glycol systems are widely used in gas processing plants for the removal of contaminants such as moisture from the gas. Since the majority of the piping and vessels in these plants are fabricated from carbon steel there is a high potential for corrosion. This paper provides a brief overview of some of the major corrosion mechanisms associated with Glycol regeneration unit. In addition a case study from a Try-Ethylene Glycol (TEG) regeneration system is also discussed where localized corrosion was noticed in the Glycol reboiler and surge vessel. Booster Station facility receives gas from Gathering Center for further compression and removes moisture before being exported to the refinery. This is achieved by compression of gas in multiple stages with locally provided compression equipment and processed in glycol dehydration units to remove the moisture. Water vapor removal from the gas stream is achieved by contacting the wet gas counter-currently with lean (dry) TEG in the glycol contactor column. The rich glycol having water content is routed through a pre-heating coil flash tank filters and finally comes in the Glycol reboiler. Due to the high temperature in reboiler the glycol loses its ability to hold water. Separated water is vaporized and leaves through top of the still column. The regenerated glycol flows to the surge tank and from there it is pumped to Glycol absorber. During one of the Plant Maintenance shutdowns Glycol reboiler and surge vessel were opened for internal inspection and appreciable corrosion was noticed in the top sections of the vessels. A study was initiated to find out the probable causes of the deterioration. Corrosion products were collected for XRD analyses. Also chemical analysis of lean & rich Glycol samples taken from various streams was carried out. A corrosion pattern was established along the glycol regeneration circuit which revealed mainly the low pH of Rich Glycol due to possible decomposition reaction of glycol into organic acid. Presence of Iron sulfate and various forms of iron sulfide including Pyrite Greigite and Pyrhotite (also referred to as Black Powder Derivatives) all known to expedite localized corrosion and deterioration of the metals. This paper presents the findings based on the analysis of the corrosion products and glycol samples and discusses the possible corrosion mechanisms. Recommendations are also provided to ensure the integrity and reliability of these vessels for sustainable operation. This case history demonstrates the diverse nature of the causes of Glycol related corrosion in plants and the differing approaches that have to be taken to mitigate corrosion in Glycol regeneration equipment.

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Study On Hold Time Effects On Standard Fatigue Specimens And Component Relevant Loading Conditions At Welds Using Bending Specimens From Welded Pipes

Product Number: ED22-18531-SG

Author: Michael Grimm, Matthias Herbst, Armin Roth, Jürgen Rudolph

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This paper summarizes the results of a research project on environmental effects on the environmentally assisted fatigue lifetime of laboratory specimens made of austenitic stainless steel type 316L and corresponding welds. In particular, investigations on the effect of hold-times, applied during testing in high-temperature water and tests on the fatigue welds were performed.

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Study on Probabilistic Service Life of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Structures in Florida Exposed to Chlorides

Product Number: 51319-13117-SG

Author: Sylvia Kessler

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The durability design of new structures at Florida DOT is currently performed by environmental classification of structures. Bridge substructure and superstructure environments can be assigned to slightly aggressive moderately aggressive or extremely aggressive according to the FDOT Structures Design Guidelines. Each classification requires prerequisites regarding concrete composition and concrete cover. The disadvantage of this durability design approach is that the achievable service life remains unknown. However full-probabilistic service life models for predicting the service life in case chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion are available. The objective of the paper is a selected benchmark of the durability design of reinforced concrete bridges in Florida by means of probabilistic modeling.

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Study on the Effect of Polymer Architecture in Inhibiting Calcium Oxalate Precipitation

Product Number: 51319-13014-SG

Author: Amannie Kweik

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The influence of polymers with different architecture on spontaneous batch precipitation of calcium oxalate was investigated by conductivity method. It has been found that inhibition of calcium oxalate strongly depends on polymer dosage molecular weight ionic nature of functional group amount and size of comonomers etc. In general calcium oxalate increases with increasing polymer dosage. The molecular weight (MW) was an important factor parameter in determining the activity of tested polymers. Low MW polymers proved to be more efficient in determining the activity of tested polymers. Acrylic acid maleic acid itaconic acid copolymers in which functional groups were introduced (pyrrole sulfono amido alcohol) were efficient precipitation inhibitors but the efficiency depended on co-polymer architecture. In general homopolymers containing carboxylic acid group perform better than co- and terpolymers. It has also been found that presence of polymers strongly affect morphology of calcium oxalate crystals as studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique.

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Study on the Mechanism and Influencing Factors of High Voltage Direct Current Interference

Product Number: 51317--9293-SG

ISBN: 9293 2017 CP

Author: Zitao Jiang

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission results in a large direct current will into the earth. This may cause interference on a buried pipeline even though it is far from the earth electrode. In this work, numerical simulation was used to study the mechanism and influencing factors of HVDC interference.

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Studying Impact on Variation of Scribe Method in Accelerated Corrosion Testing

Product Number: 51323-19351-SG

Author: James D. Begley, Victor Georgic, Suprita Jharimune, Qi Zheng

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Accelerated testing of corrosion-resistant coatings is a critical tool used in the development of protective coatings. Tests such as ASTM B117, ISO 12944, ISO 9227, etc. are commonly used to predict the long-term viability of these coatings in exposure times of months rather than years or even decades. While this type of testing gives meaningful results and is essential to the research and development of new technology, results can often be hard to accurately analyze due to the levels of variability inherent to accelerated testing.

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Studying the Effect of Wind Direction and Specimen Orientation on the Corrosion of 1018 Steel using an Octagonal Prism Portable Exposure Rack

Product Number: 51319-12734-SG

Author: Lloyd Hihara

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

A portable exposure rack (PER) was devised to assess atmospheric corrosion in a marine environment as a function of wind direction and specimen orientation. Specimens in quadruplet were oriented facing north northeast east southeast south southwest west northwest up and down. Wind direction and speed and chloride deposition rates were also monitored in all of the directions and orientations. Corrosion rates were determined as well as the identification of the corrosion products for all orientations using X-ray diffraction. Statistical analyses was conducted to determine if the corrosion rates were correlated to wind directions and specimen orientations. The PER was in the shape of an octagonal prism (OP) with eight vertical faces for each of the cardinal and intercardinal directions and two horizontal faces for the up and down orientations. The OP PER was sheltered under an octagonal roof and supported on a fiberglass rod in a concrete base with a footprint of approximately 30 cm x 30 cm. In this example the OR PER was very useful to characterize the corrosivity of a marine environment for 1018 plain carbon steel. The results indicated the most corrosive vertical orientation was northeast which corresponded to the predominant trade winds and the more corrosive horizontal orientation was facing up. The corrosion rates were also correlated to the chloride deposition rates for the various directions and orientations.

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Subsequent Mounting Of Brackets To Coated And Uncoated Surfaces Using Adhesives

Product Number: 51321-16608-SG

Author: Dipl.-Ing. Tom Marquardt/ M.Sc. (EAE) Linda Fröck/ Dr. Andreas Momber/ Dr. Nikolai Glück

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance