AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

Available for download

Study of CO2 Corrosion Behavior of Graphene Oxide/Epoxy Composite Coating in High Chloride Environment

Product Number: 51319-13212-SG

Author: Hao Xu

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Due to the special structure and chemical properties graphene oxide has a broad application prospect in corrosion protection. Graphene oxide/epoxy composite coatings were prepared to investigate the CO2 corrosion behavior in high chloride environment. SEM XRD and other technologies were used to characterize the physical properties of the graphene oxide/epoxy composite coatings. The corrosion resistance of graphene oxide/epoxy coatings was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curve.In order to increase the dispersion of graphene oxide in epoxy 3-triethoxysilyl-1-Propanamine(KH550) was used to modify the graphene oxide. Then graphene oxide/epoxy composite coatings with different mass fraction of modified graphene oxide were prepared by physical dispersion method.Results showed that the addition of modified graphene oxide improved the anti-corrosion properties of the epoxy coating. The corrosion potential(Ecorr) of 0.5%wt graphene oxide/epoxy composite coating (Ecorr =-255mV) was more positive than that of the epoxy coating(Ecorr =-631 mV). Besides although the corrosion resistance of the graphene oxide/epoxy composite coating was weakened after long-term immersion it still can provide a considerable protection for the base metal from CO2 corrosion in high chlorideenvironment.

Available for download

Study of Galvanic Potential of Zinc and Steel to Elucidate Open Circuit Potential Values of Galvanized Steel Rebar in Concrete Structures

Product Number: 51319-13336-SG

Author: Zehbour Panossian

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The measurement of the open circuit potential of the reinforcement is used to identify regions in concrete structures with active process of corrosion. For black steel rebars ASTM C876: 2015 provides the correlation between the numerical value of the potentials measured and the steel rebar condition defining a range with a greater than 90 % probability of occurrence of corrosion or a greater than 90 % probability of not being corroded and between these an corrosion condition uncertain. However the values of potential established for black steel rebar are not applicable to reinforced concrete structure composed of galvanized steel rebars because the zinc and the steel are a galvanic couple and the value of the open circuit potential is a function of the exposed area ratio of the zinc by area of the steel. In order to verify and elaborate a classification similar to that of the black steel rebar for galvanized steel rebar the open circuit potential of galvanic couple of zinc/steel was measured considering various area ratios in simulated pore solutions with and without chloride ion contamination. The obtained potentials were compared to the steel rebar potentials embedded in concrete.

Available for download

Study of HIC Cracking and Raw Material Failure during Manufacturing of ERW Pipes

Product Number: MPWT19-15032

Author: Ahmed M. Al-Maghlouth1, Mohammed S. Al-Sultan, Yasser S. Al-Subhi, Khalid M. Ba Bakri

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

In this paper, a detailed analysis was performed on weld longitudinal cracks (Weld Bond Cracks can be mistaken for Hydrogen Induced (HIC) cracks.) appeared after HIC testing of Electric Resistance Weld pipes (ERW) 8”-16” NPS 0.375”-0.5” WT carbon steel grade X60 which was welded using a 150-hertz induction heating has been studied in relation the development of hydrogen induced cracking. A comprehensive experiment and testing was done to evaluate both mechanical and microstructural properties of the cracks. The result of the study indicates that raw material failure to meet HIC resistance requirements may appear on the ERW welded pipes due to Steel re-oxidation, Low tundish level, and Double calcium treatment during steel making

Available for download

Study of High Strength Low Alloy Steel OCTG with High Carbon Contents for Mildly Sour Service

Product Number: 51317--9051-SG

ISBN: 9051 2017 CP

Author: Yuji Arai

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

For development of further high-strength low-alloy steel OCTG for sour service, effects of carbon content on the strength, microstructure, and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) resistance of low-alloy steel were fundamentally investigated.

Available for download

Study Of Inhibition Efficiency Of Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors In the Presence Of Heptane

Product Number: 51322-18003-SG

Author: Maryam Eslami, Marc Singer

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Top of the line corrosion (TLC) is a phenomenon encountered in the transportation of wet gas, where temperature differences between the pipelines and the surroundings lead to condensation of water and subsequent metal degradation. This kind of corrosion occurs due to the condensation of saturated vapors present in the unprocessed gas stream which collects on the internal surface of the cold pipe wall. The condensed liquid contains hydrocarbons and water. It forms a thin film and/or droplets of liquid on the pipeline. The condensed water phase can be, at least initially, very corrosive to typical pipeline (made of carbon steel), because it contains dissolved acid gases (such as carbon dioxide [CO₂] and hydrogen sulfide [H₂S]) and organic acids (such as acetic acid [CH₃COOH]).¹

Available for download

Study of Localized Crevice Corrosion of Super Martensitic and Duplex Stainless Steels Exposed to Typical Environments of Reinjection Water for Injection Wells

Product Number: 51324-20957-SG

Author: Marilia Mendonça de Lima; Luciana Lima; Rogaciano M. Moreira; André Ferreira Lázaro; Aline Gomes

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Water reinjection wells improve the oil recovery and normally consist of tubing made mainly in Super Duplex Stainless Steel (SDSS) with a minimum PREN of 40. Experimental data have supported the susceptibility of these steels to localized corrosion, with dissolved oxygen content (DOC), salinity, temperature and pH as main factors for the corrosion process. A study was carried out exposing Super Martensitic Stainless Steel (SMSS), Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS and SDSS) to seawater (DOC: 500ppb; Cl-: 24,000ppm) and produced water (DOC: 10/50ppb; Cl-: 165,000ppm) for 15 days. The samples were assembled simulating a crevice condition between similar (steel/steel) and dissimilar (steel/Inconel 718) materials and were immersed in the corrosive environment saturated with specific gas mixture in autoclaves. The results indicated that dissimilarity promotes the highest incidence of crevice corrosion regardless of the DOC. Produced water increased crevice corrosion susceptibility compared to seawater. Despite the reduction of DOC, the increase in chloride, H2S and organic acid, and the pH reduction in the produced water intensified crevice corrosion susceptibility.

Available for download

Study of Minimal Surface Preparation for Various Patch Repair Coating Products Applied under the Minimum Allowable Temperatures

Product Number: 51324-21005-SG

Author: Shan (Sherry) Rao; Da Kuang; Connor McManus

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Patch repair coating products provide cost-effective solutions for restoring small to medium-sized damages in mainline coatings to extend the lifespan of pipelines. Some coating products are specially designed to tolerate reduced surface conditions while providing the adequate corrosion protection performance. Due to easy mobilization and relatively inexpensive, power tool cleaning is commonly used in the field to prepare surfaces for small area repairs. During field coating work, adverse weather conditions are often encountered. However, little data were publicly available to support if the minimal surface recommended by the product data sheet (PDS) is also suitable for the coating applied under the minimum allowable temperature. In addition, the effect of the similar surface level produced by different power tools on the corrosion resistance of the same coating is rarely reported. This paper aims to address these gaps. Four commercially available coating products were selected to examine their potentials as patch repairs, including one liquid-applied epoxy coating, one butyl-based sealant product, and two viscoelastic coating products. Test samples were prepared using a rust grade C steel pipe section. Different power tools such as wire brush, rotary sander, flap disc, and bristle blaster were used to create SSPC-SP3, SSPC-SP11, and SSPC-SP15 surfaces. All four products were applied and cured at the minimum allowable temperatures specified in their respective PDS or recommended by the manufacturers. A 14-day cathodic disbondment (CD) test was employed to rule out the improper surfaces or power tools, and the next higher surface level was then considered as potentially suitable. The long-term performance characteristics of these coating products on the established minimal surfaces under the minimum allowable application temperatures were evaluated using the selected critical tests from CSA Z245.30 standards.

Available for download

Study of Phase Distribution on Alloy UNS N07718 in Different Hardening Conditions and Its Relationship With Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility

Product Number: 51319-13025-SG

Author: Julia Botinha

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The precipitation-hardenable Nickel Alloy UNS(1) N07718 is one of the most commonly applied alloy in the oil and gas industry. Enriched with amounts of niobium molybdenum titanium and aluminum this alloy is known as having good corrosion resistance in sour gas applications while presenting excellent strength properties.The austenitic matrix of g phase is strengthened by the intermetallic precipitates g‘ (ordered FCC Ni3Al phase) and g‘‘ (body-centered tetragonal Ni3Nb phase). Co-precipitates can also be observed.Studies have been carried out in order to compare and better understand the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of three different aging conditions of N07718. Different VIM/VAR commercial heats were age hardened under the standard ageing temperature range to produce a minimum 120 ksi yield strength material under a lower temperature that is responsible for optimizing the mechanical properties (to produce a minimum 140 ksi yield strength material) or under a two-step heat treatment that gives to the material improved mechanical properties (minimum 150 ksi yield strength) when compared to the single-step heat treatment.The interaction of hydrogen with the microstructure has been evaluated by means of hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility tests and structural characterization by neutron diffraction and small angle neutron scattering techniques.

Available for download

Study of Scribe Type on Accelerated Underfilm Corrosion Creep

Product Number: 41211-642-SG

Author: Carl W. Reed

Publication Date: 2011

$20.00

The creepage of corrosion underneath a coatings film applied to a steel test panel is often used as a performance test for the anti-corrosion properties of a coating system. Creepage is defined as the degree of corrosion (usually measured in mm) emanating away from a scribe line underneath a coating film applied to a steel substrate. There are several factors which may affect the degree of corrosion creep, one of which is the type and width of scribe cut into the coatings film to the steel substrate. There is a variety of scribing methods used in various test methods and specifications; however it is unclear if there is actually a performance difference observed in corrosion creep when using different scribe types.

Available for download

Study Of Solid Particle Erosion And Electrochemical Behavior Of Graphene Enriched Ni-P Coatings

Product Number: 51321-16927-SG

Author: Ahmad Raza Khan Rana; Zoheir Farhat

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Available for download

STUDY OF THE INHIBITIVE EFFECT OF NOVEL SCHIFF BASE ON CORROSION OF HCl ON MILD STEEL

Product Number: 51312-01478-SG

ISBN: 01478 2012 CP

Author: Smita M. Jauhari

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

Available for download

Study of Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors Built in to Corrosion Control Covers: Do VCIs Last the Life of the Covers?

Product Number: 51321-16175-SG

Author: Seckin Ozol / Na Qi

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance