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Corrosion Resistance Evaluation Of Super Duplex Stainless Steel In Supercritical CO2 Saturated Liquid Phase Containing Impurities O2 Or SO2

Picture for Corrosion Resistance Evaluation Of Super Duplex Stainless Steel In Supercritical CO2 Saturated Liquid Phase Containing Impurities O2 Or SO2
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Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is one of the key technologies to achieve the net-zero emission. One of the CCUS method is CO2 injection to depleted oil and gas wells or aquifers and storage (CCS). The CO2 emitted from fossil fuel-based powers and industrial plants are captured and transported to the injection point by ships or pipe line. Following that, the dense phase or supercritical phase CO2 will be injected to depleted oil and gas wells or aquifers through oil country tubular goods, for examples, seamless pipe.

Product Number: 51322-17602-SG
Author: Daisuke Matsuo, Masayuki Sagara, Yuji Arai, Hisashi Amaya, Kyohei Kanki
Publication Date: 2022
Industries: Corrosion Monitoring and Control , Coatings
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In carbon capture and storage (CCS), the CO2 emitted from various industries containing impurities is captured and injected to underground in dense or supercritical phase through a tubing. In order to evaluate corrosion resistance of the tubing materials in supercritical CO2 environment with impurity, corrosion tests were performed in the conditions of CO2, containing 5 wt% NaCl with O2 or SO2 at total pressure of 130 bar and temperature of 100 °C. The corrosion rates of UNS S41426 (13Cr super martensitic stainless steel) were higher than 1 mm/y in the solution saturated CO2 with 2% O2, as well as with 0.02% SO2. On the other hand, UNS82551 (25Cr duplex stainless steel) and UNS S39274 (25Cr super duplex stainless steel) showed the corrosion rates of 0.1 mm/year or less and no pitting corrosion when the impurity gas concentration was 0.02% SO2. UNS S39274 showed the same results even in the condition with 4% O2 or 0.50% SO2.The authors conducted the analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and confirmed that Cr concentrated in the passivation film of S39274 after the corrosion test. Therefore, it is considered that UNS S39274 would be a suitable material even in the supercritical
CO2 environment contaminated with impurities (O2 or SO2).

In carbon capture and storage (CCS), the CO2 emitted from various industries containing impurities is captured and injected to underground in dense or supercritical phase through a tubing. In order to evaluate corrosion resistance of the tubing materials in supercritical CO2 environment with impurity, corrosion tests were performed in the conditions of CO2, containing 5 wt% NaCl with O2 or SO2 at total pressure of 130 bar and temperature of 100 °C. The corrosion rates of UNS S41426 (13Cr super martensitic stainless steel) were higher than 1 mm/y in the solution saturated CO2 with 2% O2, as well as with 0.02% SO2. On the other hand, UNS82551 (25Cr duplex stainless steel) and UNS S39274 (25Cr super duplex stainless steel) showed the corrosion rates of 0.1 mm/year or less and no pitting corrosion when the impurity gas concentration was 0.02% SO2. UNS S39274 showed the same results even in the condition with 4% O2 or 0.50% SO2.The authors conducted the analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and confirmed that Cr concentrated in the passivation film of S39274 after the corrosion test. Therefore, it is considered that UNS S39274 would be a suitable material even in the supercritical
CO2 environment contaminated with impurities (O2 or SO2).

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Product Number: 51322-17882-SG
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Carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is part of decarbonization solutions to reduce green-house gas emissions, as exemplified by the growing number of capital expenditure projects worldwide.1-2 In CCUS, the carbon dioxide (CO2) is consecutively (1) captured at origin, such as power plants and natural gas production sites, (2) separated from other gases and impurities, (3) compressed, (4) transported through pipelines, and finally (5) injected into a storage site such as deleted hydrocarbon wells, saline aquafers, coal beds, underground caverns, or seawater.1,3 Since the 1970s, specifically the first commercial carbon dioxide flooding in the United States (known as SACROC), carbon dioxide sequestration has been largely discussed in the context of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), not in the newer context of Sustainability. Nonetheless, substantial experience has been drawn from EOR, including for the selection of the right and economical materials.4 As reflected by the literature, past materials test programs have rarely given any attention to downhole jewelry alloys compared to tubulars or surface-infrastructure alloys, and consequently the track records for such bar-stock alloys are either inexistent or not readily available. 5-7 This lack of apparent return-on-experience represents a knowledge gap against the prospect of a safe greenhouse gas control method; needless to say, it also justifies the requirements for reliable well integrity monitoring solutions in carbon dioxide sequestration wells.8-9  
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